Trost S G, Sirard J R, Dowda M, Pfeiffer K A, Pate R R
School of Human Movement Studies, The University of Queensland, Brisbane Qld, Australia.
Int J Obes Relat Metab Disord. 2003 Jul;27(7):834-9. doi: 10.1038/sj.ijo.0802311.
To compare the physical activity levels of overweight and non overweight 3- to 5-y-old children while attending preschool. A secondary aim was to evaluate weight-related differences in hypothesized parental determinants of child physical activity behavior.
Cross-sectional study.
A total of 245, 3- to 5-y-olds (127 girls, 118 boys) and their parent(s) (242 mothers, 173 fathers) recruited from nine preschools. Overweight status determined using the age- and sex-specific 85th percentile for body mass index (BMI) from CDC Growth Charts.
Physical activity during the preschool day was assessed on multiple days via two independent objective measures-direct observation using the observation system for recording activity in preschools (OSRAP) and real-time accelerometry using the MTI/CSA 7164 accelerometer. Parents completed a take-home survey assessing sociodemographic information, parental height and weight, modeling of physical activity, support for physical activity, active toys and sporting equipment at home, child's television watching, frequency of park visitation, and perceptions of child competence.
Overweight boys were significantly less active than their nonoverweight peers during the preschool day. No significant differences were observed in girls. Despite a strong association between childhood overweight status and parental obesity, no significant differences were observed for the hypothesized parental influences on physical activity behavior.
Our results suggest that a significant proportion of overweight children may be at increased risk for further gains in adiposity because of low levels of physical activity during the preschool day.
比较超重和非超重的3至5岁学龄前儿童的身体活动水平。次要目的是评估儿童身体活动行为的假定父母决定因素中与体重相关的差异。
横断面研究。
从9所幼儿园招募了总共245名3至5岁儿童（127名女孩，118名男孩）及其父母（242名母亲，173名父亲）。使用疾病控制与预防中心生长图表中按年龄和性别划分的体重指数（BMI）第85百分位数确定超重状态。
通过两种独立的客观测量方法在多个日子里评估学龄前儿童白天的身体活动——使用幼儿园活动记录观察系统（OSRAP）进行直接观察，以及使用MTI/CSA 7i64加速度计进行实时加速度测量。父母完成了一份带回家的调查问卷，评估社会人口统计学信息、父母的身高和体重、身体活动的示范、对身体活动的支持、家中的活动玩具和体育器材、孩子看电视的情况、去公园的频率以及对孩子能力的认知。
超重男孩在学龄前白天的活动明显少于非超重同龄人。女孩中未观察到显著差异。尽管儿童超重状态与父母肥胖之间存在很强的关联，但在假定的父母对身体活动行为的影响方面未观察到显著差异。
我们的结果表明，由于学龄前白天身体活动水平低，相当一部分超重儿童可能面临肥胖进一步增加的风险。
