Davanzo R, Antonio C, Pulella A, Lincetto O, Schierano S
Istituto per l'Infanzia, Trieste, Italy.
Ann Trop Paediatr. 1992;12(4):445-50. doi: 10.1080/02724936.1992.11747612.
Congenital syphilis (CS) has been and continues to be a principal public health problem in developing countries. Despite the wide experience acquired, physicians still have problems in diagnostic evaluation. We report 145 cases of CS at the Central Hospital, Maputo, emphasizing the differences in clinical features and in the results of serological and X-ray examinations between the neonatal and post-neonatal age groups. In the post-neonatal age group, the clinical expression of CS is mostly overt. It is commonly recognized that manifestations of CS in the neonatal age group are often poor or negative, yet a relevant percentage of CS that we report were fully symptomatic. In the neonatal age, the Venereal Disease Research Laboratory (VDRL) test in the mother and characteristic osteochondritic lesions on X-ray examination of the long bones help to make the diagnosis; in the post-neonatal age group, the VDRL test in the child is more often positive than in the mother and X-ray examination shows most periostitic lesions.
先天性梅毒（CS）一直是发展中国家主要的公共卫生问题，现在依然如此。尽管已有丰富的经验，但医生在诊断评估方面仍存在问题。我们报告了马普托中心医院145例先天性梅毒病例，着重强调了新生儿和新生儿后期年龄组在临床特征、血清学检查结果及X线检查结果方面的差异。在新生儿后期年龄组，先天性梅毒的临床表现大多较为明显。人们普遍认为，先天性梅毒在新生儿年龄组的表现往往不明显或呈阴性，但我们报告的相当一部分先天性梅毒病例症状却很典型。在新生儿期，母亲的性病研究实验室（VDRL）检测结果以及长骨X线检查发现的特征性骨软骨炎病变有助于做出诊断；在新生儿后期年龄组，儿童的VDRL检测结果呈阳性的情况比母亲更为常见，且X线检查显示大多数为骨膜病变。
