Pickett William, Marlenga Barbara, Berg Richard L
Department of Emergency Medicine and Department of Community Health and Epidemiology, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada.
Pediatrics. 2003 Jul;112(1 Pt 1):e11-6. doi: 10.1542/peds.112.1.e11.
Many childhood farm tractor injuries occur during the performance of work that was assigned by parents, and some tractor work is beyond the developmental capabilities of children. This has been highlighted recently by a policy statement authored by the American Academy of Pediatrics. The objective of this study was 1) to assess child development knowledge of farm parents who received a new resource, the North American Guidelines for Children's Agricultural Tasks (NAGCAT), and 2) to determine whether this knowledge was associated with use of NAGCAT in the assignment of tractor jobs and with compliance with 2 aspects of the NAGCAT tractor guideline.
Secondary analysis of data collected during a randomized controlled trial that involved 450 farms in the United States and Canada was conducted. Variables assessed included 1) parental knowledge of child development across several age groups and 3 domains of child development (physical, cognitive, and psychosocial), 2) documentation of the most common tractor jobs assigned to each child, and 3) a report of whether NAGCAT was used in assigning these tractor jobs.
High parental knowledge of child development was associated with enhanced use of NAGCAT and fewer violations when assigning tractor work to children. However, even in the presence of high knowledge, some farm parents still assigned to their children work that was in violation of NAGCAT.
Educational interventions by themselves are not sufficient to remove many farm children from known occupational hazards. These findings are discussed in light of the recent policy statement on agricultural injuries from the American Academy of Pediatrics.
许多儿童农用拖拉机伤害发生在执行父母分配的工作期间，而且一些拖拉机工作超出了儿童的发育能力。美国儿科学会撰写的一份政策声明最近强调了这一点。本研究的目的是：1）评估收到新资源《北美儿童农业任务指南》（NAGCAT）的农场父母的儿童发育知识；2）确定该知识是否与在分配拖拉机工作时使用NAGCAT以及是否符合NAGCAT拖拉机指南的两个方面相关。
对在美国和加拿大450个农场进行的一项随机对照试验期间收集的数据进行二次分析。评估的变量包括：1）父母对几个年龄组儿童发育以及儿童发育三个领域（身体、认知和社会心理）的知识；2）分配给每个儿童的最常见拖拉机工作的记录；3）关于在分配这些拖拉机工作时是否使用NAGCAT的报告。
父母对儿童发育的高度了解与在给儿童分配拖拉机工作时更多地使用NAGCAT以及更少的违规行为相关。然而，即使在知识水平较高的情况下，一些农场父母仍会给孩子分配违反NAGCAT的工作。
仅靠教育干预不足以使许多农场儿童摆脱已知的职业危害。根据美国儿科学会最近关于农业伤害的政策声明对这些发现进行了讨论。
