Lin Xiao-ming, Wang Zhi, Shen Xiao-yi, Long Zhu, Liu Wen-jing, Guo Yan-mei, Tang Yi
Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100083, China.
Zhonghua Yu Fang Yi Xue Za Zhi. 2003 Mar;37(2):115-8.
To understand iron nutritional status in school-age children, incidence of the sub-clinical iron deficiency (SID) and effect of iron supplementation on SID in the rural school-age children from mountainous areas of Beijing.
The dietary survey and food frequency questionnaire survey were conducted in 1,012 school children aged 7 - 13 at rural mountainous areas of Fangshan District, Beijing, and their blood samples were collected for analyzing biochemical indicators for iron nutrition. Two hundred and sixty-seven children with IDs (iron deficiency store) and IDE (iron deficiency erythropoiesis), based on screening criteria for iron-deficiency anemia, received an iron supplementation (NaFeEDTA) capsule (containing 60 mg iron element) weekly, and those with IDA (iron deficiency anemia) received NaFeEDTA capsule thrice weekly for nine weeks. Blood biochemical indicators for iron nutrition were determined repeatedly and compared with those before and after the intervention.
The daily average intakes of energy, protein, iron and vitamin C in school children of all age groups reached the daily recommended criteria (> 85% of the RNIs), but the proportion of heme in dietary iron constitution was lower. The average blood biochemical indicators for iron nutrition were as follows: serum ferritin (SF) (50.83 +/- 33.09) micro g/L, free erythrocyte protoporphyrin (FEP) (489.44 +/- 219.61) micro g/L, hemoglobin (Hb) (130.57 +/- 10.82) g/L, and the ratio of FEP/Hb (3.83 +/- 1.96), respectively. Incidence of total iron deficiency in rural children was 26.5%, with proportions of iron deficiency (IDs), iron deficiency erythropoiesis (IDE), and iron deficiency anemia (IDA) of 15.5%, 7.1%, and 3.9% respectively. SID accounted for 85.4% of the total iron deficiency, which was 5.8 times as much as IDA. With iron supplementation for 9 weeks, the hematdogical index of iron increased significantly and returned to the normal level.
The incidence of subclinical iron deficiency in the rural school-age children was insidious and should be attached more importance, which was helpful to its early recognition and intervention. Iron supplementation is important for children with SID to prevent and decrease the occurrence of IDA.
了解北京市山区农村学龄儿童铁营养状况、亚临床缺铁（SID）发生率及补铁对SID的影响。
对北京市房山区山区农村1012名7 - 13岁学龄儿童进行膳食调查和食物频率问卷调查，并采集血样分析铁营养生化指标。根据缺铁性贫血筛查标准，对267名铁储存缺乏（IDs）和缺铁性红细胞生成（IDE）儿童每周给予1粒补铁（NaFeEDTA）胶囊（含铁元素60mg），对缺铁性贫血（IDA）儿童每周给予3次NaFeEDTA胶囊，共9周。重复测定铁营养血生化指标并与干预前后比较。
各年龄组学龄儿童能量、蛋白质、铁和维生素C日均摄入量均达到每日推荐标准（>RNIs的85%），但膳食铁构成中血红素比例较低。铁营养血生化指标平均值分别为：血清铁蛋白（SF）（50.83±33.09）μg/L、游离原卟啉（FEP）（489.44±219.61）μg/L、血红蛋白（Hb）（130.57±10.82）g/L、FEP/Hb比值（3.83±1.96）。农村儿童总缺铁发生率为26.5%，其中铁缺乏（IDs）、缺铁性红细胞生成（IDE）、缺铁性贫血（IDA）比例分别为15.5%、7.1%、3.9%。SID占总缺铁的85.4%，是IDA的5.8倍。补铁9周后，铁血液学指标显著升高并恢复正常水平。
农村学龄儿童亚临床缺铁发生率隐匿，应予以重视，有助于早期识别和干预。补铁对SID儿童预防和减少IDA发生具有重要意义。
