Zhou Hai-Fei, Xie Zhong-Wen, Ge Song
Laboratory of Systematic and Evolutionary Botany, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100093, P.R. China.
Theor Appl Genet. 2003 Jul;107(2):332-9. doi: 10.1007/s00122-003-1251-y. Epub 2003 Mar 25.
Genetic diversity and population genetic structure of natural Oryza rufipogon populations in China were studied based on ten microsatellite loci. For a total of 237 individuals of 12 populations collected from four regions, a moderate to high level of genetic diversity was observed at population levels with the number of alleles per locus ( A) ranging from 2 to 18 (average 10.6), and polymorphic loci ( P) from 40.0% to 100% (average 83.3%). The observed heterozygosity ( H(O)) varied from 0.163 to 0.550 with the mean of 0.332, and the expected heterozygosity ( H(E)) from 0.164 to 0.648 with the mean of 0.413. The level of genetic diversity for Guangxi was the highest. These results are in good agreement with previous allozyme and RAPD studies. However, it was unexpected that high genetic differentiation among populations was found ( R(ST) = 0.5199, theta = 0.491), suggesting that about one-half of the genetic variation existed between the populations. Differentiation (pairwise theta) was positively correlated with geographical distance ( r = 0.464), as expected under the isolation by distance model. The habitat destruction and degradation throughout the geographic range of O. rufipogon may be the main factor attributed to high genetic differentiation among populations of O. rufipogon in China.
基于十个微卫星位点，对中国野生稻自然居群的遗传多样性和群体遗传结构进行了研究。从四个地区收集了12个居群的237个个体，在居群水平上观察到中等至高的遗传多样性，每个位点的等位基因数（A）范围为2至18（平均10.6），多态位点（P）范围为40.0%至100%（平均83.3%）。观察到的杂合度（H（O））在0.163至0.550之间，平均值为0.332，预期杂合度（H（E））在0.164至0.648之间，平均值为0.413。广西的遗传多样性水平最高。这些结果与先前的等位酶和RAPD研究结果高度一致。然而，出乎意料的是，发现居群间存在高度的遗传分化（R（ST）=0.5199，theta=0.491），这表明约一半的遗传变异存在于居群之间。分化（成对theta）与地理距离呈正相关（r=0.464），这符合距离隔离模型的预期。在野生稻整个地理分布范围内的生境破坏和退化可能是导致中国野生稻居群间高度遗传分化的主要因素。
