Berardi Nicoletta, Pizzorusso Tommaso, Ratto Gian Michele, Maffei Lamberto
Laboratory of Neurophysiology, Institute of Neuroscience, Pisa, Italy.
Trends Neurosci. 2003 Jul;26(7):369-78. doi: 10.1016/S0166-2236(03)00168-1.
Sensory experience is known to shape the maturation of cortical circuits during development. A paradigmatic example is the effect of monocular deprivation on ocular dominance of visual cortical neurons. Although visual cortical plasticity has been widely studied since its initial discovery by Hubel and Wiesel >40 years ago, the description of the underlying molecular mechanisms has lagged behind. Several new findings are now beginning to close this gap. Recent data deepen our knowledge of the factors involved in the intercellular communication and intracellular signaling that mediate experience-dependent plasticity in the developing visual cortex. In addition, new findings suggest a role for the extracellular matrix in inhibition of ocular-dominance plasticity in the adult visual cortex.
众所周知，感觉经验在发育过程中塑造皮层回路的成熟。一个典型的例子是单眼剥夺对视觉皮层神经元眼优势的影响。尽管自40多年前Hubel和Wiesel首次发现视觉皮层可塑性以来，其已得到广泛研究，但对潜在分子机制的描述却滞后了。现在一些新发现开始填补这一空白。最近的数据加深了我们对参与细胞间通讯和细胞内信号传导的因素的了解，这些因素介导发育中的视觉皮层中经验依赖性可塑性。此外，新发现表明细胞外基质在抑制成年视觉皮层的眼优势可塑性中发挥作用。
