Ställberg B, Nyström Kronander U, Olsson P, Gottberg L, Rönmark E, Lundbäck B
Trosa Health Care Centre, 619 33 Trosa, Sweden.
Respir Med. 2003 Jul;97(7):835-43. doi: 10.1016/s0954-6111(03)00040-4.
Recently performed studies have found a number of limitations in the daily lives of asthmatics, and a large disparity between the perception of the sufferers and what health care professionals believe matters to asthmatics.
What matters to Swedish asthma patients, what medicines do they use, and are they compliant with given prescriptions? A further aim was to compare perceptions about asthma and asthma management in asthmatics and among Swedish general practitioners (GP).
A structured telephone interview of a representative sample of Swedish asthmatics, and a mailed questionnaire survey among GPs from different parts of Sweden.
Screening by telephone of a random sample of 10,350 subjects aged 18-45. Of those, 240 were subsequently selected for a detailed structured telephone interview about their asthma. A mailed structured questionnaire containing similar questions to those asked of the asthmatics was sent to 600 GPs, and 139 returned completed answers.
16% of the asthmatics reported (asthma) symptoms occurring every day during the previous month. Nocturnal symptoms at least twice per week were reported by 19%. Both these were reported by considerably higher proportions of the asthmatics than the GPs had expected. A large majority classified their disease as mild or very mild, although great majority reported frequent symptoms. Activities or situations which caused symptoms of asthma often or "now and then" were physical exertion, 67%; bad weather, 59%; contact with animals/pets, 58%; and visits to cafes or restaurants, 36%; and several asthmatics avoided these activities due to their asthma.
A great majority of asthmatics report a large number of symptoms and limitations in their daily living in proportions which were roughly expected by the GPs.
最近开展的研究发现哮喘患者在日常生活中存在诸多限制，且患者的认知与医护人员认为对哮喘患者重要的事项之间存在很大差异。
对瑞典哮喘患者而言重要的事项是什么，他们使用哪些药物，以及他们是否遵医嘱服药？另一个目的是比较哮喘患者与瑞典全科医生（GP）对哮喘及哮喘管理的认知。
对瑞典哮喘患者的代表性样本进行结构化电话访谈，并对瑞典不同地区的全科医生进行邮寄问卷调查。
通过电话对10350名年龄在18 - 45岁的受试者进行随机抽样筛查。其中，随后挑选出240人进行关于其哮喘的详细结构化电话访谈。向600名全科医生发送了一份包含与向哮喘患者所提问题类似问题的邮寄结构化问卷，139人返回了完整答案。
16%的哮喘患者报告在前一个月中每天都出现（哮喘）症状。19%的患者报告每周至少出现两次夜间症状。报告这些情况的哮喘患者比例远高于全科医生的预期。绝大多数患者将自己的疾病归类为轻度或非常轻度，尽管绝大多数患者报告症状频繁出现。经常或“时不时”引发哮喘症状的活动或情况有体力活动（67%）、恶劣天气（59%）、接触动物/宠物（58%）以及前往咖啡馆或餐厅（36%）；并且一些哮喘患者由于哮喘而避免这些活动。
绝大多数哮喘患者报告在日常生活中出现大量症状和限制，其比例大致与全科医生的预期相符。
