Heller Andrew J
Department of Otolaryngology/Head and Neck Surgery, Virginia Commonwealth University, Medical College of Virginia Hospitals, PO Box 980146, Richmond, VA 23298, USA.
Otolaryngol Clin North Am. 2003 Apr;36(2):239-48. doi: 10.1016/s0030-6665(02)00160-3.
One third of all adults report experiencing tinnitus at some time in their lives. Ten percent to 15% have prolonged tinnitus requiring medical evaluation. Classification of tinnitus requires a thorough history and physical examination, supplemented by appropriate diagnostic tests. Tinnitus can be categorized according to its qualities (as described by the patient and matched on the audiometer) and its clinical type (as suggested by probable etiology). Audiologic testing, tinnitus analysis, and occasional radiologic studies assist with classification and direction of treatment planning. The THI is another method of classification that can facilitate the precise monitoring of a patient's progress. By using these tools and standardizing the language, tinnitus studies around the world can become more comparable and patients can be better monitored for treatment response.
三分之一的成年人表示在其人生中的某个时候经历过耳鸣。10%至15%的人患有持续性耳鸣，需要进行医学评估。耳鸣的分类需要全面的病史和体格检查，并辅以适当的诊断测试。耳鸣可以根据其特征（如患者所描述并通过听力计匹配）及其临床类型（由可能的病因提示）进行分类。听力测试、耳鸣分析以及偶尔的影像学研究有助于分类和指导治疗计划。耳鸣 handicap 问卷（THI）是另一种分类方法，可有助于精确监测患者的病情进展。通过使用这些工具并规范语言，世界各地的耳鸣研究可以更具可比性，并且可以更好地监测患者的治疗反应。
