McNee William R, Bonello Pierluigi, Storer Andrew J, Wood David L, Gordon Thomas R
Division of Insect Biology, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA.
J Chem Ecol. 2003 May;29(5):1183-202. doi: 10.1023/a:1023885724220.
In studies of feeding by the bark beetle, Ips paraconfusus, two pine stilbenes (pinosylvin and pinosylvin methyl ether), ferulic acid glucoside, and enantiomers of the four most common sugars present in ponderosa pine phloem (sucrose, glucose, fructose, and raffinose) did not stimulate or reduce male feeding when assayed on wet alpha-cellulose with or without stimulatory phloem extractives present. When allowed to feed on wet alpha-cellulose containing sequential extracts (hexane, methanol, and water) of ponderosa pine phloem, methanol and water extractives stimulated feeding, but hexane extractives did not. Males confined in wet alpha-cellulose containing aqueous or organic extracts of culture broths derived from phloem tissue and containing the root pathogen. Heterobasidion annosum, ingested less substrate than beetles confined to control preparations. In an assay using logs from uninoculated ponderosa pines, the mean lengths of phloem in the digestive tracts increased as time spent feeding increased. Males confined to the phloem of basal logs cut from ponderosa pines artificially inoculated with H. annosum ingested significantly less phloem than beetles in logs cut from trees that were (combined) mock-inoculated or uninoculated and did not contain the pathogen. However, individual pathogen-containing treatments were not significantly different from uninoculated controls. It was concluded that altered feeding rates are not a major factor which may explain why diseased ponderosa pines are colonized by I. paraconfusus.
在对西部松大小蠹（Ips paraconfusus）取食行为的研究中，两种松树芪类化合物（松黄烷醇和甲基松黄烷醇）、阿魏酸葡萄糖苷以及黄松韧皮部中四种最常见糖类（蔗糖、葡萄糖、果糖和棉子糖）的对映体，在有或没有刺激性韧皮部提取物存在的情况下，于湿α-纤维素上进行测定时，均未刺激或减少雄虫的取食。当让雄虫取食含有黄松韧皮部连续提取物（己烷、甲醇和水）的湿α-纤维素时，甲醇和水提取物刺激了取食，但己烷提取物则没有。将雄虫置于含有源自韧皮部组织并含有根部病原菌——多年异担子菌（Heterobasidion annosum）的培养液水相或有机提取物的湿α-纤维素中，其摄取的底物比置于对照制剂中的甲虫少。在一项使用未接种黄松原木的试验中，随着取食时间的增加，消化道中韧皮部的平均长度也增加。将雄虫置于人工接种了多年异担子菌的黄松基部原木的韧皮部中，与置于模拟接种或未接种且不含病原菌的树木原木中的甲虫相比，其摄取的韧皮部显著更少。然而，单个含病原菌处理与未接种对照之间没有显著差异。得出的结论是，取食速率的改变不是一个主要因素，这或许可以解释为什么患病的黄松会被西部松大小蠹定殖。
