Kurtz Patricia F, Chin Michelle D, Huete John M, Tarbox Rachel S F, O'Connor Julia T, Paclawskyj Theodosia R, Rush Karena S
Kennedy Krieger Institute, Neurobehavioral Unit/OP Clinic, Baltimore, Maryland 21205, USA.
J Appl Behav Anal. 2003 Summer;36(2):205-19. doi: 10.1901/jaba.2003.36-205.
The assessment and treatment of self-injurious behavior (SIB) has received much attention in the literature; however, few studies have focused on early intervention for this behavior. In the current study, functional analyses with developmentally appropriate modifications were conducted in an outpatient clinic with 30 children (aged 10 months to 4 years 11 months) to assess SIB and problem behavior in its early stages. The reported mean age of SIB onset was 17 months, and head banging was the most prevalent topography. Functional analyses identified sources of reinforcement for SIB in 62.1% of cases; with the inclusion of all forms of problem behavior, sources of reinforcement were identified for 87.5% of cases. Function-based treatments were developed for 24 cases, with functional communication training prescribed most often (70.8% of cases). Implications of these findings for the development of early intervention programs for SIB are discussed.
自伤行为（SIB）的评估与治疗在文献中已受到诸多关注；然而，针对该行为的早期干预研究却寥寥无几。在本研究中，对一家门诊诊所的30名儿童（年龄从10个月至4岁11个月）进行了具有适合其发育阶段的调整的功能分析，以评估早期阶段的自伤行为和问题行为。报告的自伤行为起始平均年龄为17个月，撞头是最常见的表现形式。功能分析在62.1%的案例中确定了自伤行为的强化源；若将所有形式的问题行为纳入考量，87.5%的案例中确定了强化源。针对24个案例制定了基于功能的治疗方法，其中功能沟通训练的应用最为频繁（占案例的70.8%）。本文讨论了这些研究结果对自伤行为早期干预项目发展的启示。
