Smith R G, Iwata B A, Vollmer T R, Zarcone J R
Department of Psychology, University of Florida, Gainesville 32611.
J Appl Behav Anal. 1993 Summer;26(2):183-96. doi: 10.1901/jaba.1993.26-183.
A functional analysis of the self-injurious behavior (SIB) of 3 adults with profound developmental disabilities showed that each engaged in SIB in more than one assessment condition. Such outcomes may result from a failure to isolate the variable maintaining SIB, or they may reflect multiple sources of control over SIB. In order to identify more clearly the determinants of SIB, each subject was exposed to a series of treatments appropriate to one or both of the apparent functions of SIB. These treatments, applied sequentially on baselines appropriate to each behavioral function, identified the maintaining variables for SIB through differential outcomes across baselines. Results indicated that the SIB of 2 subjects was multiply controlled, confirming the outcomes of the functional analysis. However, the SIB of the 3rd subject was eliminated using a treatment designed for a single function, suggesting spurious results of the original assessment. Alternative interpretations of undifferentiated assessment data are discussed, as are analysis and treatment issues related to multiply determined behavior disorders.
一项针对3名重度发育障碍成年人的自伤行为（SIB）的功能分析表明，每个人在不止一种评估条件下都会出现自伤行为。这样的结果可能是由于未能分离出维持自伤行为的变量，或者它们可能反映了对自伤行为的多种控制来源。为了更清楚地确定自伤行为的决定因素，对每个受试者进行了一系列适合自伤行为一种或两种明显功能的治疗。这些治疗方法依次应用于适合每种行为功能的基线，通过不同基线的不同结果确定了自伤行为的维持变量。结果表明，2名受试者的自伤行为受到多种因素控制，证实了功能分析的结果。然而，第三名受试者的自伤行为通过针对单一功能设计的治疗方法得以消除，这表明最初评估的结果是虚假的。本文讨论了未分化评估数据的其他解释，以及与多重决定的行为障碍相关的分析和治疗问题。
