Dixon Mark R, Rehfeldt Ruth Anne, Randich Lysette
Behavior Analysis and Therapy Program, Rehabilitation Institute, Southern Illinois University, Carbondale 62901, USA.
J Appl Behav Anal. 2003 Summer;36(2):263-6. doi: 10.1901/jaba.2003.36-263.
Three participants with moderate to profound mental retardation were exposed to choices between an immediate small amount and a delayed larger amount of a preferred reinforcer. All participants initially showed a relatively high preference for the smaller reinforcer, suggesting impulsive choice making. However this preference reversed, suggesting self-control, when the larger reinforcer was available immediately and, over time, its delay was gradually increased. Results highlight the potential utility of incorporating concurrent activities into self-control training paradigms.
三名中度至重度智力障碍参与者面临在即时少量强化物和延迟的大量偏好强化物之间进行选择。所有参与者最初都对较小的强化物表现出相对较高的偏好，这表明存在冲动性选择。然而，当大量强化物立即可用时，这种偏好发生了逆转，表明出现了自我控制，并且随着时间的推移，其延迟逐渐增加。结果突出了将并发活动纳入自我控制训练范式的潜在效用。
