Cooper Arik, Paran Nir, Shaul Yosef
Department of Molecular Genetics, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel.
Biochim Biophys Acta. 2003 Jul 11;1614(1):89-96. doi: 10.1016/s0005-2736(03)00166-4.
The early steps in hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection, a human hepadnavirus, initiates from cell attachment followed by entry and delivery of the genetic information to the nucleus. Despite the fact that these steps determine the virus-related pathogenesis, their molecular basis is poorly understood. Cumulative data suggest that this process can be divided to cell attachment, endocytosis, membrane fusion and post-fusion consecutive steps. These steps are likely to be regulated by the viral envelope proteins and by the cellular membrane, receptors and extracellular matrix. In the absence of animal model for HBV, the duck hepadnavirus DHBV turned out to be a fruitful animal model. Therefore data concerning the early, post-attachment steps in hepadnaviral entry are largely based on studies performed with DHBV in primary duck liver hepatocytes. These studies are now starting to illuminate the mechanisms of hepadnavirus route of cell entry and to provide some new insights on the molecular basis of the strict species specificity of hepadnavirus infection.
乙型肝炎病毒（HBV）是一种人类嗜肝DNA病毒，其感染的早期步骤始于细胞附着，随后是病毒进入细胞并将遗传信息传递至细胞核。尽管这些步骤决定了与病毒相关的发病机制，但其分子基础却知之甚少。累积的数据表明，这一过程可分为细胞附着、内吞作用、膜融合和融合后连续步骤。这些步骤可能受病毒包膜蛋白以及细胞膜、受体和细胞外基质的调控。由于缺乏HBV的动物模型，鸭嗜肝DNA病毒（DHBV）成为了一个富有成果的动物模型。因此，关于嗜肝DNA病毒进入细胞后早期步骤的数据主要基于在原代鸭肝肝细胞中对DHBV进行的研究。这些研究如今开始阐明嗜肝DNA病毒进入细胞途径的机制，并为嗜肝DNA病毒感染严格的物种特异性的分子基础提供一些新见解。
