Kelly Barry C, Gobas Frank A P C
School of Resource and Environmental Management, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, British Columbia, Canada, V5A 1S6.
Environ Sci Technol. 2003 Jul 1;37(13):2966-74. doi: 10.1021/es021035x.
A model representing the bioaccumulation of persistent organic pollutants (POPs) in arctic terrestrial mammalian food-chains is developed, parametrized, tested, and analyzed. The model predicts concentrations of POPs in lichen, caribou (Rangifer tarandus), and wolf (Canis lupus) food-chains of Canada's central and western arctic region from measured concentrations in air and snowpack meltwater. The model accounts for temporal and seasonal variation in diet composition, life-stage, body weight, and fat content over the life-span of the animal. Model predicted concentrations of 25 organic chemicals forecasted for caribou and wolves from Cambridge Bay (69 degrees 07' N 105 degrees 03' W), Inuvik (68 degrees 18' N 133 degrees 29' W) and Bathurst Inlet (64 degrees 15' N 113 degrees 07' W) are shown to be in good agreement with the observed data. The model illustrates a strong relationship between biomagnification factors and chemical K(OA) and illustrates the effect of age, sex, and temperature on POPs bioaccumulation. Model results show that POPs with K(OA)s < 10(5) do not biomagnify in arctic terrestrial food-chains, while substances that exhibit log K(OA)s > 5 and also exhibit a log K(OW) > 2, show significant bioaccumulation in arctic terrestrial food-chains. The model shows that persistent low K(OW) (K(OW)s < 10(5)) but high K(OA) substances such as beta-HCH, 1,2,4,5 tetrachlorobenzene, and beta-endosulfan biomagnify in terrestrial mammals.
开发了一个描述持久性有机污染物（POPs）在北极陆地哺乳动物食物链中生物累积的模型，并对其进行参数化、测试和分析。该模型根据空气和积雪融水中的实测浓度，预测了加拿大北极中部和西部地区地衣、北美驯鹿（Rangifer tarandus）和狼（Canis lupus）食物链中持久性有机污染物的浓度。该模型考虑了动物生命周期内饮食组成、生命阶段、体重和脂肪含量的时间和季节变化。模型预测的来自剑桥湾（北纬69度07分，西经105度03分）、因纽维克（北纬68度18分，西经133度29分）和巴瑟斯特湾（北纬64度15分，西经113度07分）的北美驯鹿和狼体内25种有机化学品的浓度与观测数据显示出良好的一致性。该模型说明了生物放大因子与化学物质的辛醇-空气分配系数（K(OA)）之间的强关系，并说明了年龄、性别和温度对持久性有机污染物生物累积的影响。模型结果表明，辛醇-空气分配系数（K(OA)s）<10(5)的持久性有机污染物在北极陆地食物链中不会发生生物放大，而辛醇-空气分配系数（log K(OA)s）>5且辛醇-水分配系数（log K(OW)）>2的物质在北极陆地食物链中显示出显著的生物累积。该模型表明，诸如β-六氯环己烷、1,2,4,5-四氯苯和β-硫丹等具有低辛醇-水分配系数（K(OW)s<10(5)）但高辛醇-空气分配系数的持久性物质在陆地哺乳动物中会发生生物放大。
