Strasser Roger
Monash University School of Rural Health, PO Box 424, Traralgon, Victoria 3844, Australia.
Fam Pract. 2003 Aug;20(4):457-63. doi: 10.1093/fampra/cmg422.
Despite the huge differences between developing and developed countries, access is the major issue in rural health around the world. Even in the countries where the majority of the population lives in rural areas, the resources are concentrated in the cities. All countries have difficulties with transport and communication, and they all face the challenge of shortages of doctors and other health professionals in rural and remote areas. Many rural people are caught in the poverty- ill health-low productivity downward spiral, particularly in developing countries. Since 1992, WONCA, the World Organization of Family Doctors, has developed a specific focus on rural health through the WONCA Working Party on Rural Practice. This Working Party has drawn national and international attention to major rural health issues through World Rural Health Conferences and WONCA Rural Policies. The World Health Organization (WHO) has broadened its focus beyond public health to partnership with family practice, initially through a landmark WHO-WONCA Invitational Conference in Canada. From this has developed the Memorandum of Agreement between WONCA and WHO which emphasizes the important role of family practitioners in primary health care and also includes the Rural Health Initiative. In April 2002, WHO and WONCA held a major WHO-WONCA Invitational Conference on Rural Health. This conference addressed the immense challenges for improving the health of people of rural and remote areas of the world and initiated a specific action plan: The Global Initiative on Rural Health. The "Health for All" vision for rural people is more likely to be achieved through joint concerted efforts of international and national bodies working together with doctors, nurses and other health workers in rural areas around the world.
尽管发展中国家和发达国家之间存在巨大差异，但医疗服务可及性是全球农村卫生领域的主要问题。即使在大多数人口居住在农村地区的国家，资源也集中在城市。所有国家在交通和通信方面都存在困难，并且都面临农村和偏远地区医生及其他卫生专业人员短缺的挑战。许多农村人口陷入贫困-健康不佳-生产力低下的恶性循环，在发展中国家尤为如此。自1992年以来，世界家庭医生组织（WONCA）通过农村医疗实践工作小组，特别关注农村卫生问题。该工作小组通过世界农村卫生大会和WONCA农村政策，引起了国内和国际对重大农村卫生问题的关注。世界卫生组织（WHO）已将其关注重点从公共卫生扩展到与家庭医疗的伙伴关系，最初是通过在加拿大举行的具有里程碑意义的WHO-WONCA邀请会议。由此形成了WONCA与WHO之间的协议备忘录，该备忘录强调了家庭医生在初级卫生保健中的重要作用，还包括农村卫生倡议。2002年4月，WHO和WONCA召开了一次关于农村卫生的重大WHO-WONCA邀请会议。本次会议探讨了改善世界农村和偏远地区人民健康所面临的巨大挑战，并启动了一项具体行动计划：全球农村卫生倡议。通过国际和国家机构与世界各地农村地区的医生、护士及其他卫生工作者共同努力，“人人享有健康”的农村愿景更有可能实现。
