Recarte Miguel A, Nunes Luis M
Department of Basic Processes, Universidad Complutense, Madrid, Spain.
J Exp Psychol Appl. 2003 Jun;9(2):119-37. doi: 10.1037/1076-898x.9.2.119.
The effects of mental workload on visual search and decision making were studied in real traffic conditions with 12 participants who drove an instrumented car. Mental workload was manipulated by having participants perform several mental tasks while driving. A simultaneous visual-detection and discrimination test was used as performance criteria. Mental tasks produced spatial gaze concentration and visual-detection impairment, although no tunnel vision occurred. According to ocular behavior analysis, this impairment was due to late detection and poor identification more than to response selection. Verbal acquisition tasks were innocuous compared with production tasks, and complex conversations, whether by phone or with a passenger, are dangerous for road safety.
在真实交通环境中，对12名驾驶装备仪器汽车的参与者进行了研究，以探讨心理负荷对视觉搜索和决策的影响。通过让参与者在驾驶时执行多项心理任务来操纵心理负荷。采用同时进行的视觉检测和辨别测试作为绩效标准。心理任务会导致空间注视集中和视觉检测受损，尽管没有出现管状视野。根据眼动行为分析，这种损伤更多是由于检测延迟和识别能力差，而非反应选择。与生成任务相比，言语获取任务无害，无论是通过电话还是与乘客进行复杂对话，对道路安全都是危险的。
