Munclinger Pavel, Boursot Pierre, Dod Barbara
Biodiversity Research Group, Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Vinicná 7, CZ 128 44 Praha 2, Czech Republic.
Mamm Genome. 2003 Jun;14(6):359-66. doi: 10.1007/s00335-002-3065-7.
Few simple, easy-to-score PCR markers are available for studying genetic variation in wild mice populations belonging to Mus musculus at the population and subspecific levels. In this study, we show the abundant B1 family of short interspersed DNA elements (SINEs) is a very promising source of such markers. Thirteen B1 sequences from different regions of the genome were retrieved on the basis of their high degree of homology to a mouse consensus sequence, and the presence of these elements was screened for in wild derived mice representing M. spretus, macedonicus and spicilegus and the different subspecies of M. musculus. At five of these loci, varying degrees of insertion polymorphism were found in M. m. domesticus mice. These insertions were almost totally absent in the mice representing the other subspecies and species. Six other B1 elements were fixed in all the Mus species tested. At these loci, polymorphism associated with three restriction sites in the B1 consensus sequence was found in M. musculus. Most of these polymorphisms appear to be ancestral as they are shared by at least one of the other Mus species tested. Both insertion and restriction polymorphism revealed differences between five inbred laboratory strains considered to be of mainly domesticus origin, and at the six restriction loci a surprising number of these strains carried restriction variants that were either not found or very infrequent in domesticus. This suggests that in this particular group of loci, alleles of far Eastern origin are more frequent than expected.
用于研究小家鼠属野生小鼠群体在种群和亚种水平上遗传变异的简单、易于评分的聚合酶链反应（PCR）标记很少。在本研究中，我们表明丰富的短散在DNA元件（SINEs）B1家族是这类标记非常有前景的来源。基于与小鼠共有序列的高度同源性，从基因组的不同区域检索到13个B1序列，并在代表西班牙小鼠、马其顿小鼠、斯皮勒格斯小鼠以及小家鼠不同亚种的野生衍生小鼠中筛选这些元件的存在情况。在其中五个位点，在家养小家鼠中发现了不同程度的插入多态性。在代表其他亚种和物种的小鼠中几乎完全没有这些插入。另外六个B1元件在所有测试的小家鼠物种中是固定的。在这些位点，在小家鼠中发现了与B1共有序列中三个限制性位点相关的多态性。这些多态性中的大多数似乎是祖传的，因为它们至少被一种其他测试的小家鼠物种共享。插入多态性和限制性多态性都揭示了五个被认为主要起源于家养小家鼠的近交实验室品系之间的差异，并且在六个限制性位点，这些品系中有惊人数量携带在小家鼠中未发现或非常罕见的限制性变体。这表明在这一特定的位点组中，远东起源的等位基因比预期的更常见。
