Dremsek Peter A, Göpfrich Hubert, Kurz Herbert, Bock Wolfgang, Benes Karl, Philipp Karl, Sacher Michael
Abteilung für Kinder- und Jugendheilkunde, Donauspitals im SMZ-Ost der Stadt Wien, Langobardenstrasse 122, A-1220 Wien.
Wien Med Wochenschr. 2003;153(11-12):264-8. doi: 10.1046/j.1563-258x.2003.02103.x.
Evaluation of factors influencing the incidence and duration of breastfeeding.
In a retrospective study we sent a questionnaire to the parents of 1518 infants born consecutively in the Center of Perinatology at the Danube Hospital, Vienna, during a 10 months period. The questionnaire consisted of items addressing duration of breastfeeding, time of initiation of formula supplement, support in breastfeeding and the time mothers were provided with information on breastfeeding. Data on mothers age, parity, mode of delivery, duration of pregnancy and infants birth weight were taken from the records.
95% of mothers began breastfeeding, 56% continued breastfeeding for more than 5 months. The impression or fact of no support was associated with a higher rate of not breastfeeding (p < 0.001). "Little support" was associated with a higher rate of terminating breastfeeding during the first three months and with a lower rate of breastfeeding for more than 5 months (p < 0.01). Provided information on breastfeeding shows no effect on the duration of breastfeeding, but "no information" corresponds with not breastfeeding (p < 0.01). Mothers who got repeated information breastfed longer (p < 0.01). The number of mothers who did not breastfeed and was higher among three or multipare compared to primipare (p < 0.025). They also breastfed shorter (p < 0.05). Mothers under 20 years of age more often terminated breastfeeding in the first month (p < 0.001). Low birth weight (< 2000 g) and caesarean sectio increased the number of mothers who did not breastfeed (p < 0.001).
Repeated information and individual support increases the number of breastfeeding mothers and the duration of breastfeeding. Additional support should be provided for mothers under 20 years of age, three and multiparae and mothers after caesarean sectio.
评估影响母乳喂养发生率和持续时间的因素。
在一项回顾性研究中，我们向10个月期间在维也纳多瑙河医院围产医学中心连续出生的1518名婴儿的父母发送了一份问卷。问卷包括母乳喂养持续时间、开始添加配方奶的时间、母乳喂养的支持以及母亲获得母乳喂养信息的时间等项目。母亲的年龄、产次、分娩方式、孕期时长和婴儿出生体重的数据取自记录。
95%的母亲开始母乳喂养，56%的母亲持续母乳喂养超过5个月。没有支持的印象或事实与较高的非母乳喂养率相关（p<0.001）。“支持较少”与前三个月内停止母乳喂养的较高发生率以及母乳喂养超过5个月的较低发生率相关（p<0.01）。提供母乳喂养信息对母乳喂养持续时间没有影响，但“没有信息”与非母乳喂养相关（p<0.01）。获得重复信息的母亲母乳喂养时间更长（p<0.01）。非母乳喂养的母亲数量在经产妇或多产妇中高于初产妇（p<0.025）。她们的母乳喂养时间也较短（p<0.05）。20岁以下的母亲在第一个月更常停止母乳喂养（p<0.001）。低出生体重（<2000g）和剖宫产增加了非母乳喂养母亲的数量（p<0.001）。
重复信息和个性化支持可增加母乳喂养母亲的数量和母乳喂养的持续时间。应向20岁以下的母亲、经产妇和多产妇以及剖宫产术后的母亲提供额外支持。
