Plank Christian, Anton Martina, Rudolph Carsten, Rosenecker Joseph, Krötz Florian
Institute of Experimental Oncology, Technische Universität München, Ismaninger Str. 22, 81675 Munich, Germany.
Expert Opin Biol Ther. 2003 Aug;3(5):745-58. doi: 10.1517/14712598.3.5.745.
Insufficient contact of inherently highly active nucleic acid delivery systems with target cells is a primary reason for their often observed limited efficacy. Physical methods of targeting can overcome this limitation and reduce the risk of undesired side effects due to non-target site delivery. The authors and others have developed a novel means of physical targeting, exploiting magnetic force acting on nucleic acid vectors associated with magnetic particles in order to mediate the rapid contact of vectors with target cells. Here, the principles of magnetic drug and nucleic acid delivery are reviewed, and the facts and potentials of the technique for research and therapeutic applications are discussed. Magnetically enhanced nucleic acid delivery - magnetofection - is universally applicable to viral and non-viral vectors, is extraordinarily rapid, simple and yields saturation level transfection at low dose in vitro. The method is useful for site-specific vector targeting in vivo. Exploiting the full potential of the technique requires an interdisciplinary research effort in magnetic field physics, magnetic particle chemistry, pharmaceutical formulation and medical application.
本质上具有高活性的核酸递送系统与靶细胞的接触不足是其疗效常常有限的主要原因。靶向的物理方法可以克服这一限制，并降低由于非靶位点递送导致的不良副作用风险。作者及其他研究人员开发了一种新型物理靶向方法，利用作用于与磁性颗粒相关的核酸载体的磁力，以介导载体与靶细胞的快速接触。在此，对磁性药物和核酸递送的原理进行综述，并讨论该技术在研究和治疗应用方面的实际情况和潜力。磁性增强核酸递送——磁转染——普遍适用于病毒和非病毒载体，速度极快、操作简单，且在体外低剂量时就能实现饱和水平的转染。该方法对于体内位点特异性载体靶向很有用。要充分发挥该技术的潜力，需要在磁场物理学、磁性颗粒化学、药物制剂和医学应用等方面进行跨学科研究。
