Farsad Khashayar, De Camilli Pietro
Department of Cell Biology, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Boyer Center for Molecular Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, 295 Congress Avenue, New Haven, CT 06510, USA.
Curr Opin Cell Biol. 2003 Aug;15(4):372-81. doi: 10.1016/s0955-0674(03)00073-5.
Membrane traffic requires the generation of high-curvature lipid-bound transport carriers represented by tubules and vesicles. The mechanisms through which membranes are deformed has gained much recent attention. A major advance has been the demonstration that direct interactions between cytosolic proteins and lipid bilayers are important in the acquisition of membrane curvature. Rather than being driven only by the formation of membrane-associated structural scaffolds, membrane deformation requires physical perturbation of the lipid bilayer. A variety of proteins have been identified that directly bind and deform membranes. An emerging theme in this process is the importance of amphipathic peptides that partially penetrate the lipid bilayer.
膜运输需要生成以小管和囊泡为代表的高曲率脂质结合运输载体。膜变形的机制最近备受关注。一个主要进展是证明了胞质蛋白与脂质双层之间的直接相互作用在获得膜曲率方面很重要。膜变形并非仅由膜相关结构支架的形成驱动，而是需要脂质双层的物理扰动。已经鉴定出多种直接结合并使膜变形的蛋白质。这一过程中一个新出现的主题是部分穿透脂质双层的两亲性肽的重要性。
