Amis A A, Firer P, Mountney J, Senavongse W, Thomas N P
Mechanical Engineering Department, Biomechanics Section, Exhibition Road, London, SW7 2BX, UK.
Knee. 2003 Sep;10(3):215-20. doi: 10.1016/s0968-0160(03)00006-1.
The medial patellofemoral ligament (MPFL) is a band of retinacular tissue connecting the femoral medial epicondyle to the medial edge of the patella. The MPFL is approximately 55 mm long, and its width has been reported to range from 3 to 30 mm. The MPFL is overlaid by the distal part of vastus medialis obliquus to a variable extent, and fibres of MPFL merge into the deep aspect of the muscle. Despite the MPFL being very thin, it had a mean tensile strength of 208 N, and has been reported to be the primary passive restraint to patellar lateral displacement. Lateral patellar displacement tests in vitro showed that the patella subluxed most easily at 20 degrees knee flexion. The contribution of the MPFL to resisting patellar lateral subluxation was greatest in the extended knee. This finding was linked to the retinaculae being tightest in full knee extension, and slackening with flexion.
髌股内侧韧带（MPFL）是一条支持带组织束，连接股骨内侧髁与髌骨内侧缘。MPFL长约55毫米，其宽度据报道在3至30毫米之间。MPFL在不同程度上被股内侧斜肌远端覆盖，且MPFL的纤维融入该肌肉的深层。尽管MPFL非常薄，但其平均抗张强度为208牛，据报道它是髌骨外侧移位的主要被动约束。体外髌骨外侧移位试验表明，在膝关节屈曲20度时髌骨最容易半脱位。MPFL对抵抗髌骨外侧半脱位的作用在膝关节伸直时最大。这一发现与支持带在膝关节完全伸直时最紧、随屈曲而松弛有关。
