运输风险的比较评估——其如何助力运输政策的健康影响评估。
Comparative assessment of transport risks--how it can contribute to health impact assessment of transport policies.
作者信息
Kjellstrom Tord, van Kerkhoff Lorrae, Bammer Gabriele, McMichael Tony
机构信息
National Centre for Epidemiology and Population Health, Australian National University, Canberra, Australia.
出版信息
Bull World Health Organ. 2003;81(6):451-7. Epub 2003 Jul 25.
Health impact assessment (HIA) and comparative risk assessment (CRA) are important tools with which governments and communities can compare and integrate different sources of information about various health impacts into a single framework for policy-makers and planners. Both tools have strengths that may be combined usefully when conducting comprehensive assessments of decisions that affect complex health issues, such as the health risks and impacts of transport policy and planning activities. As yet, however, HIA and CRA have not been applied widely to the area of transport. We draw on the limited experience of the application of these tools in the context of road transport to explore how comparative assessment of transport risks can contribute to HIA of transport policies.
健康影响评估（HIA）和比较风险评估（CRA）是重要工具，政府和社区可借助它们将有关各种健康影响的不同信息来源进行比较并整合到一个单一框架中，供政策制定者和规划者使用。这两种工具都有各自的优势，在对影响复杂健康问题的决策进行全面评估时，例如交通政策和规划活动的健康风险及影响，可有效结合使用。然而，迄今为止，HIA和CRA尚未广泛应用于交通领域。我们借鉴在道路运输背景下应用这些工具的有限经验，探讨交通风险的比较评估如何能为交通政策的健康影响评估做出贡献。
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