Juslin P N, Laukka P
Department of Psychology, Uppsala University, Sweden.
Emotion. 2001 Dec;1(4):381-412. doi: 10.1037/1528-3542.1.4.381.
Actors vocally portrayed happiness, sadness, anger, fear, and disgust with weak and strong emotion intensity while reading brief verbal phrases aloud. The portrayals were recorded and analyzed according to 20 acoustic cues. Listeners decoded each portrayal by using forced-choice or quantitative ratings. The results showed that (a) portrayals with strong emotion intensity yielded higher decoding accuracy than portrayals with weak intensity, (b) listeners were able to decode the intensity of portrayals, (c) portrayals of the same emotion with different intensity yielded different patterns of acoustic cues, and (d) certain acoustic cues (e.g., fundamental frequency, high-frequency energy) were highly predictive of listeners' ratings of emotion intensity. It is argued that lack of control for emotion intensity may account for some of the inconsistencies in cue utilization reported in the literature.
演员在大声朗读简短的文字短语时，用强弱不同的情感强度通过声音来表现快乐、悲伤、愤怒、恐惧和厌恶。这些表现被录制下来，并根据20种声学线索进行分析。听众通过强制选择或定量评分来解读每种表现。结果表明：（a）情感强度强的表现比情感强度弱的表现具有更高的解码准确率；（b）听众能够解读表现的强度；（c）相同情感不同强度的表现产生不同的声学线索模式；（d）某些声学线索（如基频、高频能量）能高度预测听众对情感强度的评分。有人认为，对情感强度缺乏控制可能是文献中报道的线索利用不一致的部分原因。
