Visscher Wendy A, Feder Moshe, Burns Allison M, Brady Thomas M, Bray Robert M
RTI, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27709, USA.
Subst Use Misuse. 2003 Jun;38(8):1063-93. doi: 10.1081/ja-120017651.
The impact of maternal smoking and other substance use during pregnancy on infant birthweight is demonstrated in a sample of 766 urban women, using data collected in the Washington, D.C. Metropolitan Area Drug Study (DC*MADS). Women residing and giving birth in the District of Columbia were interviewed in 1992. A multivariable linear regression model was used to quantify the association between birthweight and the mother's use of cigarettes, alcohol, or illicit drugs during pregnancy, while controlling for possible confounding variables. The analysis focused on factors, including prenatal care and substance use during pregnancy that may contribute to low birthweight infants born to this sample of urban, predominantly black women. A woman's use of cigarettes, marijuana, and heroin during pregnancy was related to infant birthweight, but her use of alcohol and cocaine during pregnancy was not significantly related. Smoking during pregnancy was a strong predictor for low birthweight, suggesting that targeting more smoking cessation programs for pregnant women, particularly those who may also be illicit drug users, could help reduce adverse health consequences for low birthweight infants.
利用在华盛顿特区大都会区药物研究（DC*MADS）中收集的数据，在766名城市女性样本中证明了孕期母亲吸烟和使用其他物质对婴儿出生体重的影响。1992年，对居住在哥伦比亚特区并在该地分娩的女性进行了访谈。使用多变量线性回归模型来量化出生体重与母亲孕期吸烟、饮酒或使用非法药物之间的关联，同时控制可能的混杂变量。分析聚焦于包括产前护理和孕期物质使用等可能导致该城市主要为黑人女性样本中低体重儿出生的因素。女性孕期吸烟、吸食大麻和海洛因与婴儿出生体重有关，但她孕期饮酒和使用可卡因与婴儿出生体重无显著关联。孕期吸烟是低出生体重的一个强有力预测因素，这表明针对孕妇，特别是那些可能也是非法药物使用者的孕妇开展更多戒烟项目，有助于减少低体重儿的不良健康后果。
