Neary J Patrick, Bhambhani Yagesh N, McKenzie Donald C
Faculty of Kinesiology, University of New Brunswick, Fredericton, New Brunswick E3B 5A3, Canada.
Can J Appl Physiol. 2003 Aug;28(4):576-87. doi: 10.1139/h03-044.
This study examined the effects of different 7-day taper protocols on simulated 20-km time trials (20TT). Following 3 weeks of baseline training, 11 male cyclists (.VO2max = 4.78 +/- 0.66 L.min-1) were randomly assigned to one of three stepwise reduction tapers in which training volume was reduced by 30% (T30, n = 5), 50% (T50, n = 6), or 80% (T80, n = 6) of baseline training with intensity (85% .VO2max) maintained. Cardiorespiratory measurements were collected every 5 km during the 20TT. Results revealed a significant (5.4%, 0.05) improvement in 20TT performance in the T50 protocol with concomitant increases in .VO2 and O2 pulse. No significant differences were found in T30 or T80. These results showed that a moderate (50%) reduction in weekly training volume appeared to be optimal in terms of enhancing performance. This confirms the contention that proper placement of training volume during tapering, while maintaining exercise intensity, can elicit performance improvements.
本研究考察了不同的7天减量方案对模拟20公里计时赛（20TT）的影响。在进行3周的基础训练后，11名男性自行车运动员（最大摄氧量=4.78±0.66升·分钟-1）被随机分配到三种逐步减量方案中的一种，其中训练量分别减少了基础训练量的30%（T30组，n = 5）、50%（T50组，n = 6）或80%（T80组，n = 6），同时保持强度（最大摄氧量的85%）不变。在20公里计时赛中，每5公里收集一次心肺测量数据。结果显示，T50方案的20公里计时赛成绩有显著提高（5.4%，P<0.05），同时最大摄氧量和氧脉搏增加。T30组或T80组未发现显著差异。这些结果表明，就提高成绩而言，每周训练量适度减少50%似乎是最佳的。这证实了这样一种观点，即在减量期间适当安排训练量，同时保持运动强度，可以提高成绩。
