Teunisse Jan-Pieter, de Gelder Beatrice
Department of Medical Psychology, University Medical Center St. Radboud, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
Brain Cogn. 2003 Aug;52(3):285-94. doi: 10.1016/s0278-2626(03)00042-3.
Two experiments with upright and inverted face and object images were carried out to investigate whether face processing in autism is more feature-based than in individuals with typical development. Participants were 17 high-ability adolescents with autistic disorder (16-24 years), 24 typically developing children (9-10 years) and 16 adults (18-33 years). In Experiment 1, a normal inversion effect was found for the adolescents with autism in a standard face recognition paradigm with reduced memory demands, except for a subgroup with low social intelligence who were not better in recognizing upright relative to inverted photographs of faces. In Experiment 2, the group with autism did not show the composite effect like the adult group did: they recognized face halves as well in aligned composite faces as in non-aligned composite faces. The results on the inversion task suggest that most adolescents with autism form a normal configuration-based face representation, but the absence of the composite effect indicates that they are less prone to use the contextual information of the face in a visual-search task.
进行了两项针对正立和倒置面部及物体图像的实验，以探究自闭症患者的面部处理是否比正常发育个体更基于特征。参与者包括17名患有自闭症谱系障碍的高能力青少年（16 - 24岁）、24名正常发育儿童（9 - 10岁）和16名成年人（18 - 33岁）。在实验1中，在记忆要求降低的标准人脸识别范式中，自闭症青少年出现了正常的倒置效应，但有一个社会智力较低的亚组在识别正立面部照片与倒置面部照片时并无优势。在实验2中，自闭症组没有像成年组那样表现出合成效应：他们在对齐的合成面孔和未对齐的合成面孔中对面部各部分的识别能力相当。倒置任务的结果表明，大多数自闭症青少年形成了基于正常构型的面部表征，但缺乏合成效应表明他们在视觉搜索任务中不太倾向于利用面部的上下文信息。
