Quirynen M, Naert I, van Steenberghe D
Department of Periodontology, Catholic University of Leuven, Belgium.
Clin Oral Implants Res. 1992 Sep;3(3):104-11. doi: 10.1034/j.1600-0501.1992.030302.x.
It has been documented that the long-term clinical outcome of the Brånemark system is very favourable. However, failures do occur before and after loading. This study examined the differences in marginal bone loss between standard and self-tapping fixtures and attempted to explain excessive marginal bone loss or loss of osseointegration during the first 3 years of loading. Marginal bone loss (scored on long cone radiographs) and fixture failure rate were compared for different fixture designs. For standard fixtures, in comparison with self-tapping fixtures, the failure rate was clearly higher before as well as after loading. However, for successful fixtures no difference in marginal bone loss was observed. For the conical fixtures an increased marginal bone loss around the smooth part was observed. The effect of fixture overload, marginal bone height and loss of osseointegration was examined in 69 patients with 1 and 15 patients with 2 fixed full prostheses, and in 9 patients with an overdenture in the upper jaw. Excessive marginal bone loss (more than 1 mm) after the first year of loading and/or fixture loss correlated well with the presence of overload due to a lack of anterior contact, the presence of parafunctional activity and osseointegrated full fixed prostheses in both jaws.
有文献记载，Brånemark种植系统的长期临床效果非常理想。然而，在加载前和加载后确实会出现失败情况。本研究考察了标准种植体与自攻型种植体之间边缘骨吸收的差异，并试图解释在加载的头3年期间边缘骨过度吸收或骨结合丧失的原因。比较了不同种植体设计的边缘骨吸收情况（通过长锥形X线片评分）和种植体失败率。对于标准种植体，与自攻型种植体相比，加载前和加载后的失败率明显更高。然而，对于成功的种植体，未观察到边缘骨吸收有差异。对于锥形种植体，在其光滑部分周围观察到边缘骨吸收增加。对69例单颌固定全口义齿患者和15例双颌固定全口义齿患者以及9例上颌覆盖义齿患者，研究了种植体过载、边缘骨高度和骨结合丧失的影响。加载第一年之后出现的边缘骨过度吸收（超过1毫米）和/或种植体松动与因前牙无接触导致的过载、存在副功能活动以及双颌骨内的骨结合固定全口义齿密切相关。
