Chen Jianmin, Thompson Lilian U
Department of Nutritional Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont., Canada.
Breast Cancer Res Treat. 2003 Jul;80(2):163-70. doi: 10.1023/A:1024513815374.
Flaxseed has been shown to reduce the metastasis of estrogen receptor negative (ER-) human breast cancer in nude mice. This study determined whether enterodiol (ED) and enterolactone (EL), metabolites of plant lignans exceptionally rich in flaxseed, and tamoxifen (TAM), alone or in combination, can influence the various steps of metastasis, that is, breast cancer cell adhesion, invasion and migration, of two ER- human breast cancer cell lines, MDA-MB-435 and MDA-MB-231. The inhibition by ED, EL or TAM (1-5 microM) of cell adhesion to Matrigel or extracellular matrices, fibronectin, laminin, and type IV collagen, as well as cell invasion was dose dependent in both cell lines. When ED, EL and TAM were combined at 1 microM, a greater inhibitory effect on cell adhesion and invasion was observed than with either compound alone. ED and EL at doses of 0.1-10 microM reduced cell migration, but TAM had no effect at 0.1 and 1 microM, and exhibited a stimulatory effect at 10 microM. It is concluded that lignans and TAM, alone or in combination, can inhibit the steps involved in the metastasis cascade. Although more investigations are required, the study also suggests that the intake of the lignan-rich flaxseed may not antagonize the effect of TAM in ER- breast cancer cells.
亚麻籽已被证明可减少雌激素受体阴性（ER-）人乳腺癌在裸鼠中的转移。本研究确定了肠二醇（ED）和肠内酯（EL）（亚麻籽中特别富含的植物木脂素的代谢产物）以及他莫昔芬（TAM）单独或联合使用时，是否会影响两种ER-人乳腺癌细胞系MDA-MB-435和MDA-MB-231转移的各个步骤，即乳腺癌细胞的黏附、侵袭和迁移。在这两种细胞系中，ED、EL或TAM（1-5微摩尔）对细胞黏附于基质胶或细胞外基质（纤连蛋白、层粘连蛋白和IV型胶原）以及细胞侵袭的抑制作用呈剂量依赖性。当ED、EL和TAM以1微摩尔的浓度联合使用时，观察到对细胞黏附和侵袭的抑制作用比单独使用任何一种化合物时更强。0.1-10微摩尔剂量的ED和EL可减少细胞迁移，但0.1和1微摩尔的TAM没有作用，而在10微摩尔时表现出刺激作用。得出的结论是，木脂素和TAM单独或联合使用均可抑制转移级联反应中涉及的步骤。尽管还需要更多的研究，但该研究也表明，摄入富含木脂素的亚麻籽可能不会拮抗TAM对ER-乳腺癌细胞的作用。
