Young Lawrence S, Murray Paul G
Cancer Research UK Institute for Cancer Studies, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK.
Oncogene. 2003 Aug 11;22(33):5108-21. doi: 10.1038/sj.onc.1206556.
Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) is a ubiquitous human herpesvirus associated with the development of both lymphoid and epithelial tumours. As a common virus infection, EBV appears to have evolved to exploit the process of B cell development to persist as a life-long asymptomatic infection. However, the virus can contribute to oncogenesis as evidenced by its frequent detection in certain tumours, namely Burkitt's lymphoma (BL), post-transplant B cell lymphomas, Hodgkin's disease (HD) and nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC), and by its unique ability to efficiently transform resting B cells in vitro into permanently growing lymphoblastoid cell lines (LCLs). These transforming effects are associated with the restricted expression of EBV genes such that only a subset of so-called latent virus proteins are expressed in virus infected tumours and in LCLs. Distinct forms of EBV latency are manifest in the different tumours and these appear to be a vestige of the pattern of latent gene expression used by the virus during the establishment of persistent infection within the B cell pool. This review summarises our current knowledge of EBV latent gene function and how this relates to the role of the virus in the aetiology of different tumours.
爱泼斯坦-巴尔病毒（EBV）是一种普遍存在的人类疱疹病毒，与淋巴样肿瘤和上皮肿瘤的发生有关。作为一种常见的病毒感染，EBV似乎已经进化到利用B细胞发育过程，以终身无症状感染的形式持续存在。然而，该病毒可导致肿瘤发生，这在某些肿瘤中频繁检测到EBV得到了证实，这些肿瘤包括伯基特淋巴瘤（BL）、移植后B细胞淋巴瘤、霍奇金病（HD）和鼻咽癌（NPC），并且EBV具有独特的能力，能够在体外有效地将静止B细胞转化为永久生长的淋巴母细胞系（LCLs）。这些转化作用与EBV基因的限制性表达有关，以至于在病毒感染的肿瘤和LCLs中仅表达一部分所谓的潜伏病毒蛋白。EBV潜伏的不同形式在不同肿瘤中表现出来，这些似乎是病毒在B细胞池中建立持续感染期间所使用的潜伏基因表达模式的遗迹。本综述总结了我们目前对EBV潜伏基因功能的认识，以及这与病毒在不同肿瘤病因学中的作用之间的关系。
