Minár J
Státní zdravotní ústav, Praha.
Cesk Epidemiol Mikrobiol Imunol. 1992 Dec;41(6):366-71.
To evaluate the incidence of natural foci of tick-borne encephalitis in the Slovak Republic data of the hygiene service on the morbidity from tick-borne encephalitis during the period from 1961-1988 were used as well as data from the literature and results of the author's field studies on the incidence of the common tick. The main foci of tick-borne encephalitis are in the West Slovakian region, in the Záhorské lowland, in the Váh valley up to the distrikt of Povázská Bystrica, in the area of the Low Carpathian mountains, Tribec, Vtácnik, the Nitra and Hron hills, and Kovácov hills, in the Central Slovakian region in the Krupin hills and in the East Slovakian region in the Slovak karst and Slanské hills. The incidence of common ticks and foci of tick-borne encephalitis is linked to the original oak grove communities. In Slovakia the latter comprise hornbean and oak forests, oak groves and thermophile oak forests. Areas of original communities of beech woods and spruces which grow in higher altitudes do not provide favourable conditions for the development of the common tick. Rare foci of tick-borne encephalitis of a mountainous type found in Slovakia survive probably due to the extremely favourable microclimatic conditions in these areas. Also the hygrophilous communities of alders, moorlands and dry steppes, original as well as cultivated ones, are not suitable for the common tick. This is why ticks are not found in central, northern and northeastern Slovakia, in the Rye island and lowland along the Tisa river.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
为评估斯洛伐克共和国蜱传脑炎自然疫源地的发病率，我们使用了1961 - 1988年期间卫生服务部门关于蜱传脑炎发病率的数据、文献数据以及作者对常见蜱虫发病率的实地研究结果。蜱传脑炎的主要疫源地位于斯洛伐克西部地区，在扎霍尔斯克低地、瓦赫河谷直至波瓦兹斯卡比斯特里察区、小喀尔巴阡山脉地区、特里贝克、维塔克尼克、尼特拉和赫龙丘陵以及科瓦乔夫丘陵；位于斯洛伐克中部地区的克鲁平丘陵；位于斯洛伐克东部地区的斯洛伐克喀斯特和斯兰斯克丘陵。常见蜱虫和蜱传脑炎疫源地的发病率与原始橡树林群落有关。在斯洛伐克，后者包括角树和橡树林、橡树林以及嗜热橡树林。生长在较高海拔的山毛榉林和云杉原始群落地区，不利于常见蜱虫的生长。斯洛伐克发现的罕见山区型蜱传脑炎疫源地可能因这些地区极其有利的小气候条件而得以存续。同样，桤木、泥炭地和干草原的喜湿群落，无论是原始的还是人工种植的，都不适合常见蜱虫生存。这就是为什么在斯洛伐克中部、北部和东北部地区、黑麦岛以及蒂萨河沿岸的低地找不到蜱虫。（摘要截选至250词）
