Urberg Kathryn A, Luo Qing, Pilgrim Colleen, Degirmencioglu Serdar M
Department of Psychology, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48202, USA.
Addict Behav. 2003 Sep;28(7):1243-56. doi: 10.1016/s0306-4603(02)00256-3.
A two-stage model of peer influence was proposed. The model served as a framework for examining individual and relationship-specific differences in susceptibility to influence. The two stages are (1) the acquisition of a peer context and (2) conforming to the behavior of a peer. Data from a four-wave longitudinal study were used to assess (1) the initial selection of cigarette- and alcohol-using peers and (2) influence from peers. Relationship factors and variables identified as risk factors for substance use were hypothesized to increase susceptibility to peer influence. The results indicated that adolescents who did not value school achievement or spending time with parents were more apt than others to choose friends who smoked cigarettes more than they did. Adolescents who chose friends who drank more than they did not differ from other adolescents on any of the risk factors. Thus, low-risk adolescents were as likely to acquire a friend context where drinking was likely to occur as were adolescents who had more risk factors. When the second stage was examined, only high peer acceptance and high friendship quality resulted in adolescents being more apt to conform to their friend's substance-use behaviors.
提出了一个同伴影响的两阶段模型。该模型作为一个框架，用于检验个体以及特定关系中易受影响程度的差异。这两个阶段分别是：（1）获得同伴环境；（2）顺应同伴的行为。来自一项四波纵向研究的数据被用于评估：（1）最初对吸烟和饮酒同伴的选择；（2）同伴的影响。被确定为物质使用风险因素的关系因素和变量被假定会增加对同伴影响的易感性。结果表明，不重视学业成绩或与父母相处时间的青少年比其他人更倾向于选择比自己吸烟更多的朋友。选择饮酒比自己多的朋友的青少年在任何风险因素上与其他青少年没有差异。因此，低风险青少年获得饮酒可能发生的朋友环境的可能性与具有更多风险因素的青少年相同。在考察第二阶段时，只有高同伴接纳度和高友谊质量会使青少年更倾向于顺应朋友的物质使用行为。
