Ouf Salama A, Abdel-Kader Mahmoud H, Shokeir Hisham A, El-Adly Amira A
Botany Department, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza 12613, Egypt.
Acta Microbiol Pol. 2003;52(1):65-79.
The antifungal activity of solar simulator was evaluated in presence of haematoporphyrin derivative (HPD), methylene blue (MB) and toluidine blue O (TBO) as photosensitizers. Seven dermatophytes were used as test fungi. The solar simulator at fluence rate 400 W/m2 for 30 minutes induced marked inhibition for spore germination of the photosensitized fungi. The rate of inhibition varied according to the fungal species and concentration of the photosensitizer. There was an increase in percentage inhibition of spore germination as the concentration of HPD or MB increased. Complete inhibition for spore germination of Trichophyton. verrucosum, T. mentagrophytes, and Miccrosporum canis was induced when these species were pretreated with 10(-3) M of HPD or MB before irradiation. Epidermophyton floccosum, T. rubrum, M. gypseum and T. violaceum were less sensitive to irradiation when pretreated with HPD or MB. On contrary, the maximum reduction in percentage spore germination was induced at the lowest concentration (10(-7) M) of TBO. The tested dermatophytes were mostly capable of producing different enzymes (keratinase, phosphatases, amylase, lipase). The separate application of radiation or photosensitizer was ineffective or exerted slight inhibition on enzyme production. However, the activity of the enzymes was drastically inhibited when the fungi were irradiated after their treatment with photosensitizer. T. verrucosum and T. mentagrophytes were the most sensitive. In a trail to apply a control measure against dermatomycosis using solar simulator radiation, the results revealed that the radiation was successful in curing the MB-photosensitized guinea pigs, artificially infected with T. verrucosum, T. mentagrophytes or M. canis. The percentage of recovery reached 100% in some treatments.
在存在血卟啉衍生物（HPD）、亚甲蓝（MB）和甲苯胺蓝O（TBO）作为光敏剂的情况下，评估了太阳模拟器的抗真菌活性。使用七种皮肤癣菌作为测试真菌。通量率为400 W/m²的太阳模拟器照射30分钟可显著抑制光敏真菌的孢子萌发。抑制率因真菌种类和光敏剂浓度而异。随着HPD或MB浓度的增加，孢子萌发的抑制百分比增加。当疣状毛癣菌、须癣毛癣菌和犬小孢子菌在照射前用10⁻³ M的HPD或MB预处理时，可诱导其孢子萌发完全抑制。絮状表皮癣菌、红色毛癣菌、石膏样小孢子菌和紫色毛癣菌在用HPD或MB预处理后对照射不太敏感。相反，在TBO最低浓度（10⁻⁷ M）时诱导孢子萌发百分比的最大降低。所测试的皮肤癣菌大多能够产生不同的酶（角蛋白酶、磷酸酶、淀粉酶、脂肪酶）。单独应用辐射或光敏剂对酶的产生无效或仅有轻微抑制作用。然而，当真菌用光敏剂处理后再进行照射时，酶的活性会受到显著抑制。疣状毛癣菌和须癣毛癣菌最敏感。在一项使用太阳模拟器辐射对皮肤真菌病实施控制措施的试验中，结果表明该辐射成功治愈了人工感染疣状毛癣菌、须癣毛癣菌或犬小孢子菌的MB光敏豚鼠。在某些治疗中，恢复率达到了100%。
