Hirsch Mark A, Toole Tonya, Maitland Charles G, Rider Robert A
Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Johns Hopkins University Medical Center, Baltimore, MD, USA.
Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 2003 Aug;84(8):1109-17. doi: 10.1016/s0003-9993(03)00046-7.
To assess immediate and near-term effects of 2 exercise training programs for persons with idiopathic Parkinson's disease (IPD).
Randomized control trial.
Public health facility and medical center.
Fifteen persons with IPD.
Combined group (balance and resistance training) and balance group (balance training only) underwent 10 weeks of high-intensity resistance training (knee extensors and flexors, ankle plantarflexion) and/or balance training under altered visual and somatosensory sensory conditions, 3 times a week on nonconsecutive days. Groups were assessed before, immediately after training, and 4 weeks later.
Balance was assessed by computerized dynamic posturography, which determined the subject's response to reduced or altered visual and somatosensory orientation cues (Sensory Orientation Test [SOT]). Muscle strength was assessed by measuring the amount of weight a participant could lift, by using a standardized weight-and-pulley system, during a 4-repetition-maximum test of knee extension, knee flexion, and ankle plantarflexion.
Both types of training improved SOT performance. This effect was larger in the combined group. Both groups could balance longer before falling, and this effect persisted for at least 4 weeks. Muscle strength increased marginally in the balance group and substantially in the combined group, and this effect persisted for at least 4 weeks.
Muscle strength and balance can be improved in persons with IPD by high-intensity resistance training and balance training.
评估两种运动训练方案对特发性帕金森病（IPD）患者的即时和短期效果。
随机对照试验。
公共卫生机构和医疗中心。
15名IPD患者。
联合组（平衡训练和阻力训练）和平衡组（仅平衡训练）接受为期10周的高强度阻力训练（膝伸肌和屈肌、踝跖屈）和/或在改变视觉和躯体感觉条件下的平衡训练，每周3次，隔天进行。在训练前、训练结束后立即以及4周后对两组进行评估。
通过计算机动态姿势描记法评估平衡能力，该方法可确定受试者对减少或改变的视觉和躯体感觉定向线索的反应（感觉定向测试[SOT]）。通过使用标准化的重量滑轮系统，在膝伸展、膝屈曲和踝跖屈的4次最大重复测试中测量参与者能够举起的重量，以此评估肌肉力量。
两种训练方式均改善了SOT表现。联合组的效果更显著。两组在跌倒前保持平衡的时间都更长，且这种效果持续了至少4周。平衡组的肌肉力量略有增加，联合组则显著增加，且这种效果持续了至少4周。
高强度阻力训练和平衡训练可改善IPD患者的肌肉力量和平衡能力。
