Demarle A P, Heugas A M, Slawinski J J, Tricot V M, Koralsztein J P, Billat V L
Laboratoire d'Etude de la Motricité Humaine, Faculté des Sciences du Sport, Université de Lille 2, Ronchin, France.
Arch Physiol Biochem. 2003 Apr;111(2):167-76. doi: 10.1076/apab.111.2.167.14003.
The first purpose of this study was to assess the eventual training adaptations in the time to exhaustion at the same severe velocity occurring after severe interval-training programs in few- and well-trained subjects. In the event of such training adaptations, the second purpose was to identify the discriminant factors of performance improvement according to the initial training status. Seven few- and six well-trained subjects performed: firstly, an incremental test to determine the maximal oxygen consumption (VO2max), the energy cost of running (ECR), the velocity associated with the achievement of VO2max (vVO2max) and the lactate threshold (LT expressed in VO2, km x h(-1), % vVO2max); secondly, an all-out test at the velocity corresponding to the midway between vLT and vVO2max (vdelta50) to determine the time to exhaustion (tmax); such tests were carried out before and after 4- and 8-week severe interval-training programs. In the few-trained subjects, all factors of performance (i.e., VO2max, ECR, vVO2max, LT expressed in VO2, km x h(-1), % vVO2max) and tmax at the pre-training vdelta50 were improved after training (+8, -8, +7, +9, +14, +6% and +79%, respectively); only the increase in vLT was related to the one in tmax (r = 0.714, p < or = 0.05, n = 7). In the well-trained subjects, only vVO2max was improved (+3%) due to the decrease in ECR (-3%), tmax at the pre-training vdelta50 did not vary after training; only the three subjects (over six) who improved their vLT (+0.5, +0.5, +0.8 km x h(-1), respectively) improved their tmax (+10, +24, +101%, respectively) (r = 0.895, p < or = 0.01, n = 6). So, whichever the initial training status, any training-induced adaptation in vLT appeared as a major factor of performance improvement especially at supra-LT velocities.
本研究的首要目的是评估在进行高强度间歇训练计划后，训练较少和训练有素的受试者在相同高强度速度下达到疲劳时间的最终训练适应性。若存在此类训练适应性，第二个目的是根据初始训练状态确定成绩提高的判别因素。七名训练较少和六名训练有素的受试者进行了以下测试：首先，进行递增测试以确定最大摄氧量（VO2max）、跑步能量消耗（ECR）、与达到VO2max相关的速度（vVO2max）以及乳酸阈值（以VO2、km x h(-1)、% vVO2max表示的LT）；其次，在对应于vLT和vVO2max之间中点的速度（vdelta50）下进行全力测试以确定疲劳时间（tmax）；此类测试在为期4周和8周的高强度间歇训练计划之前和之后进行。在训练较少的受试者中，训练后，所有成绩因素（即VO2max、ECR、vVO2max、以VO2、km x h(-1)、% vVO2max表示的LT）以及在训练前vdelta50时的tmax均得到改善（分别提高了+8、-8、+7、+9、+14、+6%和+79%）；只有vLT的增加与tmax的增加相关（r = 0.714，p≤0.05，n = 7）。在训练有素的受试者中，由于ECR降低（-3%），只有vVO2max得到改善（+3%），训练前vdelta50时的tmax在训练后没有变化；只有三名（共六名）vLT得到改善的受试者（分别提高了+0.5、+0.5、+0.8 km x h(-1)）tmax得到改善（分别提高了+10、+24、+101%）（r = 0.895，p≤0.01，n = 6）。所以，无论初始训练状态如何，vLT的任何训练诱导适应性似乎都是成绩提高的主要因素，尤其是在高于LT的速度下。
