Baider L, Andritsch E, Uziely B, Ever-Hadani P, Goldzweig G, Hofmann G, Samonigg H
Sharett Institute of Oncology, Hadassah University Hospital, PO Box 12000, Jerusalem 91120, Israel.
Eur J Cancer Care (Engl). 2003 Sep;12(3):263-73. doi: 10.1046/j.1365-2354.2003.00412.x.
Breast cancer is the most common malignant disease among women in developed countries. In Austria and Israel, it accounts for 15% and 18%, respectively, of all cancers and 30% of all cancers in women. The purpose of this study, conducted in Graz, Austria, and Jerusalem, Israel, was to determine whether different geographical and cultural settings differentially affect the psychological distress of women who have survived breast cancer and why. The dependence of psychological distress on psychosocial variables such as quality of life, body image, impact of cancer and coping styles was examined at time 1 in a randomized sample of 424 breast cancer women who were disease-free at the time of the study and were surveyed 1-5 years after diagnosis. The most contributing variables to the level of psychological distress in both populations were: the number of stressful life events during last year, financial problems and feeling uncomfortable with the body. Regarding coping styles, mental adjustment to cancer was the principal contributor to psychological distress level [determined by the Grand Severity Index (GSI) scores] in the Graz group, while intrusion was the principal contributor to the GSI level in the Jerusalem group.
乳腺癌是发达国家女性中最常见的恶性疾病。在奥地利和以色列，乳腺癌分别占所有癌症的15%和18%，占女性所有癌症的30%。这项在奥地利格拉茨和以色列耶路撒冷开展的研究，旨在确定不同的地理和文化背景是否会对乳腺癌幸存者的心理困扰产生不同影响以及原因。在研究时处于无病状态且在诊断后1至5年接受调查的424名乳腺癌女性随机样本中，于时间点1考察了心理困扰对生活质量、身体形象、癌症影响和应对方式等心理社会变量的依赖性。在这两个人群中，对心理困扰程度影响最大的变量是：去年压力性生活事件的数量、经济问题以及对身体感到不适。关于应对方式，在格拉茨组中，对癌症的心理调适是心理困扰程度（由总体严重程度指数（GSI）得分确定）的主要影响因素，而在耶路撒冷组中，侵扰是GSI水平的主要影响因素。
