Tanaka Kunihiko, Limberg Ryan, Webb Paul, Reddig Mike, Jarvis Christine W, Hargens Alan R
University of California, San Diego, Department of Orthopaedics, San Diego, CA 92103, USA.
Aviat Space Environ Med. 2003 Aug;74(8):827-32.
Current space suits have limited movement due to gas pressurization during exposure to the vacuum of space. Alternatively, if pressure is applied by an elastic garment vs. pneumatic garment to produce mechanical counter pressure (MCP), several advantages are possible. In this study, we investigate local microcirculatory and other effects produced with and without a prototype MCP glove and sleeve during exposure to varying levels of vacuum.
The entire arms of eight male volunteers were studied at normal ambient pressure and during 5 min exposures to -50, -100, and -150 mm Hg with and without the MCP glove and sleeve. Pressure distribution, skin microvascular flow, and temperature were measured.
The MCP glove and sleeve generated over 200 mm Hg on the middle finger, dorsum of the hand, and the wrist. However, pressure was significantly lower on the forearm and the upper arm. Without the glove and sleeve, only two of eight subjects tolerated -100 mm Hg. Also, no subject tolerated -150 mm Hg. However, subjects tolerated all vacuum pressures wearing the glove and sleeve. Skin microvascular flow and temperature remained within control values with the glove and sleeve at a chamber pressure of -150 mm Hg.
The MCP glove and sleeve counteracts adverse effects of vacuum exposures due to lower pressure differentials. Pressure levels over the hand and wrist are similar to those of the current U.S. space suit glove and sleeve, but additional development is required to increase MCP over the forearm and upper arm.
当前的太空服在暴露于太空真空环境时，由于气体增压，活动受限。或者，如果通过弹性服装而非气动服装施加压力以产生机械反压（MCP），则可能具有多种优势。在本研究中，我们调查了在暴露于不同真空水平时，使用和不使用原型MCP手套及袖子所产生的局部微循环及其他影响。
对八名男性志愿者的双臂进行研究，测量在正常环境压力下以及在-50、-100和-150 mmHg真空环境中暴露5分钟时，使用和不使用MCP手套及袖子的情况下的压力分布、皮肤微血管血流和温度。
MCP手套和袖子在中指、手背和手腕处产生超过200 mmHg的压力。然而，在前臂和上臂处的压力明显较低。不使用手套和袖子时，八名受试者中只有两名能够耐受-100 mmHg的压力。而且，没有受试者能够耐受-150 mmHg的压力。然而，受试者在佩戴手套和袖子时能够耐受所有真空压力。在腔室压力为-150 mmHg时，佩戴手套和袖子时皮肤微血管血流和温度保持在对照值范围内。
MCP手套和袖子通过降低压力差来抵消真空暴露的不利影响。手部和手腕上的压力水平与当前美国太空服手套和袖子的压力水平相似，但需要进一步改进以增加前臂和上臂上的MCP。
