Commun Dis Intell Q Rep. 2003;27(2):209-43.
In 2002, OzFoodNet continued to enhance surveillance of foodborne diseases across Australia. The OzFoodNet network expanded to cover all Australian states and territories in 2002. The National Centre for Epidemiology and Population Health together with OzFoodNet concluded a national survey of gastroenteritis, which found that there were 17.2 (95% C.I. 14.5-19.9) million cases of gastroenteritis each year in Australia. The credible range of gastroenteritis that may be due to food each year is between 4.0-6.9 million cases with a mid-point of 5.4 million. During 2002, there were 23,434 notifications of eight bacterial diseases that may have been foodborne, which was a 7.7 per cent increase over the mean of the previous four years. There were 14,716 cases of campylobacteriosis, 7,917 cases of salmonellosis, 505 cases of shigellosis, 99 cases of yersiniosis, 64 cases of typhoid, 62 cases of listeriosis, 58 cases of shiga toxin producing E. coli and 13 cases of haemolytic uraemic syndrome. OzFoodNet sites reported 92 foodborne disease outbreaks affecting 1,819 persons, of whom 5.6 per cent (103/1,819) were hospitalised and two people died. There was a wide range of foods implicated in these outbreaks and the most common agent was Salmonella Typhimurium. Sites reported two outbreaks with potential for international spread involving contaminated tahini from Egypt resulting in an outbreak of Salmonella Montevideo infection and an outbreak of suspected norovirus infection associated with imported Japanese oysters. In addition, there were three outbreaks associated with animal petting zoos or poultry hatching programs and 318 outbreaks of suspected person-to-person transmission. Sites conducted 100 investigations into clusters of gastrointestinal illness where a source could not be identified, including three multi-state outbreaks of salmonellosis. OzFoodNet identified important risk factors for foodborne disease infection, including: Salmonella infections due to chicken and egg consumption, bakeries as a source of Salmonella infection, and problems associated with spit roast meals served by mobile caterers. There were marked improvements in surveillance during 2002, with all jurisdictions contributing to national cluster reports, increasing use of analytical studies to investigate outbreaks and 96.9 per cent of Salmonella notifications on state and territory surveillance databases recording complete information about serotype and phage type. During 2002, there were several investigations that showed the benefits of national collaboration to control foodborne disease. Sharing surveillance data from animals, humans and foods and rapid sharing of molecular typing information for human isolates of potentially foodborne organisms could further improve surveillance of foodborne disease in Australia.
2002年，澳大利亚食源性疾病监测网（OzFoodNet）继续加强对全澳食源性疾病的监测。2002年，OzFoodNet网络扩大至覆盖澳大利亚所有州和领地。国家流行病学和人口健康中心与OzFoodNet共同完成了一项全国性肠胃炎调查，结果发现澳大利亚每年有1720万（95%可信区间为1450 - 1990万）例肠胃炎病例。每年可能由食物导致的肠胃炎可信病例数在400 - 690万例之间，中点值为540万例。2002年期间，有23434例通报的可能由食物传播的8种细菌性疾病病例，比前四年的平均病例数增加了7.7%。其中弯曲杆菌病14716例、沙门氏菌病7917例、志贺氏菌病505例、耶尔森氏菌病99例、伤寒64例、李斯特菌病62例、产志贺毒素大肠杆菌58例以及溶血性尿毒综合征13例。OzFoodNet各站点报告了92起食源性疾病暴发事件，涉及1819人，其中5.6%（103/1819）住院治疗，2人死亡。这些暴发事件涉及多种食物，最常见的病原体是鼠伤寒沙门氏菌。各站点报告了两起有国际传播可能的暴发事件，一起是来自埃及的受污染芝麻酱导致蒙得维的亚沙门氏菌感染暴发，另一起是与进口日本牡蛎相关的疑似诺如病毒感染暴发。此外，还有3起与动物抚摸动物园或家禽孵化项目相关的暴发事件以及318起疑似人传人传播的暴发事件。各站点对100起无法确定源头的胃肠道疾病聚集性病例展开了调查，包括3起跨州的沙门氏菌病暴发事件。OzFoodNet确定了食源性疾病感染的重要风险因素，包括：因食用鸡肉和鸡蛋导致的沙门氏菌感染、面包店作为沙门氏菌感染源以及流动餐饮服务商提供的烤肉餐存在的问题。2002年监测工作有显著改进，所有辖区都为全国聚集性病例报告做出了贡献，越来越多地利用分析性研究来调查暴发事件，州和领地监测数据库中96.9%的沙门氏菌通报记录了血清型和噬菌体类型的完整信息。2002年期间，有几项调查显示了全国合作防控食源性疾病的益处。共享动物、人类和食物的监测数据以及快速共享潜在食源性生物人类分离株的分子分型信息，可进一步改善澳大利亚食源性疾病的监测工作。
