Hall G V, Kirk M D, Ashbolt R, Stafford R, Lalor K
National Centre for Epidemiology and Population Health, Australian National University, Canberra, Australia.
Epidemiol Infect. 2006 Feb;134(1):111-8. doi: 10.1017/S0950268805004656.
To estimate the frequency of infectious gastroenteritis across Australia, and to identify risk factors, we conducted a national telephone survey of 6087 randomly selected respondents in 2001-2002. The case definition was three or more loose stools and/or two or more vomits in a 24-hour period in the last 4 weeks, with adjustment to exclude non-infectious causes and symptoms secondary to a respiratory infection. Frequency data were weighted to the Australian population. Multivariate logistic regression was used to assess potential risk factors including season, region, demographic and socioeconomic status. Among contacted individuals, 67% responded. The case definition applied to 7% of respondents (450/6087) which extrapolates to 17.2 million (95% CI 14.5-19.9 million) cases of gastroenteritis in Australia in one year, or 0.92 (95% CI 0.77-1.06) cases/person per year. In the multivariate model, the odds of having gastroenteritis were increased in summer and in the warmest state, in young children, females, those with higher socioeconomic status and those without health insurance.
为了估算全澳大利亚感染性肠胃炎的发病率，并确定风险因素，我们于2001年至2002年对6087名随机抽取的受访者进行了一项全国性电话调查。病例定义为在过去4周内的24小时内出现三次或更多次稀便和/或两次或更多次呕吐，并进行调整以排除非感染性病因及继发于呼吸道感染的症状。发病率数据根据澳大利亚人口进行加权处理。采用多因素逻辑回归分析来评估潜在风险因素，包括季节、地区、人口统计学和社会经济状况。在被联系的个体中，67%进行了回应。病例定义适用于7%的受访者（450/6087），据此推算，澳大利亚每年有1720万例（95%可信区间为1450万至1990万例）肠胃炎病例，即每年每人0.92例（95%可信区间为0.77至1.06例）。在多因素模型中，夏季、最温暖的州、幼儿、女性、社会经济地位较高者以及没有医疗保险者患肠胃炎的几率增加。
