Chandhick N, Dhillon B S, Kambo I, Saxena N C
Division of RHN, Indian Council of Medical Research, Ansari Nagar, New Delhi-110 029, India.
Indian J Med Sci. 2003 Jul;57(7):303-10.
To obtain information from rural women regarding their contraceptive knowledge, practices and utilization of services, a cross-sectional survey of 117,465 eligible women was carried out in the sampled areas of 28 districts from January 1996 to February 1997. From among the current contraceptive users all of IUD, OC and acceptors of a permanent method in the last one-year (14,276) were interviewed in detailed. In addition a systematically selected sample of 17,082 non users were also interviewed. Overall contraceptive prevalence was 45.2% of which 34.2% had used a permanent method. Among the current users, the contraceptive had been availed mainly from either PHC (31.5%) or hospital (42.1%). Around half the women (53.1%) had received counseling and in 20.3% information regarding other methods. Pelvic examination was done in 39.1% Most of the women (>97%) expressed satisfaction with the method, provider and services. Almost all the women (98.8%) were using a contraceptive method with the knowledge of their husband and had his support for continuing the same. There was no concept of using any family planning method for either postponing the first conception after marriage or spacing between the two child births. A large majority of women (70.5%) used a family planning method for the first time only after completing their desired family size. Among the never users, 73.5% mentioned at least one modern method of family planning available in the national programme and 64.3% mentioned the service source where it would be available. Fewer women in most of the districts mentioned spacing methods as compared to female sterilization. The main reason given for not using any family planning method was "family not complete" (34.6%). There is need to promote spacing methods by policy makers and field workers and motivate couples to accept them.
为了获取农村妇女的避孕知识、避孕措施实施情况以及服务利用情况，1996年1月至1997年2月期间，在28个县的抽样地区对117465名符合条件的妇女进行了横断面调查。在过去一年中使用宫内节育器、口服避孕药或采用永久性避孕方法的所有当前避孕使用者（14276人）均接受了详细访谈。此外，还对系统选取的17082名非使用者进行了访谈。总体避孕普及率为45.2%，其中34.2%采用了永久性避孕方法。在当前使用者中，主要从初级卫生保健中心（31.5%）或医院（42.1%）获取避孕措施。约半数妇女（53.1%）接受过咨询，20.3%的妇女了解其他避孕方法。39.1%的妇女接受过盆腔检查。大多数妇女（>97%）对避孕方法、提供者和服务表示满意。几乎所有妇女（98.8%）在丈夫知晓并支持的情况下使用避孕方法。对于婚后推迟首次受孕或两胎生育间隔，没有使用任何计划生育方法的概念。绝大多数妇女（70.5%）仅在达到期望的家庭规模后才首次使用计划生育方法。在从未使用过避孕方法的人群中，73.5%的人至少提及了国家计划生育项目中的一种现代避孕方法，64.3%的人提到了可获取该方法的服务来源。与女性绝育相比，大多数县提及间隔避孕方法的妇女较少。不使用任何计划生育方法的主要原因是“家庭未完整”（34.6%）。政策制定者和基层工作人员有必要推广间隔避孕方法，并激励夫妇接受这些方法。
