在白厅II研究中，收入和财富对白领女性和男性的一般健康问卷抑郁及自我健康评价不佳的影响。
Effects of income and wealth on GHQ depression and poor self rated health in white collar women and men in the Whitehall II study.
作者信息
Martikainen P, Adda J, Ferrie J E, Davey Smith G, Marmot M
机构信息
International Centre for Health and Society, Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University College London Medical School, London, UK.
出版信息
J Epidemiol Community Health. 2003 Sep;57(9):718-23. doi: 10.1136/jech.57.9.718.
STUDY OBJECTIVE
To determine whether measures of income and wealth are associated with poor self rated health and GHQ depression.
DESIGN
Whitehall II study of London based civil servants re-interviewed between 1997-1999; 7162 participants.
MAIN RESULTS
A twofold age adjusted difference in morbidity was observed between the top and bottom of the personal income hierarchy for both sexes. For household income and particularly for wealth these associations are stronger. After adjusting for health at baseline the associations between personal income and both health outcomes are reduced by about 40%-60%. For household income the attenuation is somewhat smaller and for wealth is about 30%. Adjusting for other sociodemographic factors leads to further attenuation of the effects.
CONCLUSIONS
The associations between income, particularly personal income, and morbidity can be largely accounted for by pre-existing health and other measures of social position. The strong independent association between household wealth-a measure of income earned over decades and across generations-and morbidity are likely to be related to a set of early and current material and psychosocial benefits.
研究目的
确定收入和财富指标是否与自我健康评价差及一般健康问卷（GHQ）抑郁相关。
设计
白厅II研究，对1997 - 1999年间伦敦公务员进行再次访谈；7162名参与者。
主要结果
在个人收入等级的最高和最低层之间，观察到两性在年龄调整后的发病率存在两倍差异。对于家庭收入，尤其是财富，这些关联更强。在对基线健康状况进行调整后，个人收入与两种健康结果之间的关联降低了约40% - 60%。对于家庭收入，衰减幅度稍小，对于财富约为30%。对其他社会人口学因素进行调整会导致效应进一步减弱。
结论
收入，尤其是个人收入，与发病率之间的关联在很大程度上可由预先存在的健康状况和其他社会地位指标来解释。家庭财富（一种衡量数十年来及几代人所获收入的指标）与发病率之间强烈的独立关联可能与一系列早期和当前的物质及心理社会福利有关。
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