Araya Tadesse, Akrami Nazar, Ekehammar Bo
Department of Psychology, Uppsala University, Sweden.
J Soc Psychol. 2003 Aug;143(4):433-49. doi: 10.1080/00224540309598455.
In 2 studies, the authors investigated the directed-forgetting effects of stereotypically congruent, incongruent, and irrelevant information, after the in-group (Swedish) and out-group (immigrant) social categories had been subliminally primed. Because of recent theories of the role of attention and level of processing in the cognitive development of stereotypes, we hypothesized that directed-forgetting effects would be found for stereotype-congruent and irrelevant information but not for stereotype-incongruent information. The results supported our hypothesis, suggesting that the level of processing demanded by the type of information (regardless of whether congruent, incongruent, or irrelevant) may moderate directed-forgetting effects. The authors discussed the social implications of the results.
在两项研究中，作者调查了在内群体（瑞典人）和外群体（移民）社会类别被阈下启动后，刻板印象一致、不一致和不相关信息的定向遗忘效应。由于最近有关注意力和加工水平在刻板印象认知发展中的作用的理论，我们假设对于刻板印象一致和不相关的信息会发现定向遗忘效应，而对于刻板印象不一致的信息则不会。结果支持了我们的假设，表明信息类型所需的加工水平（无论是否一致、不一致或不相关）可能会调节定向遗忘效应。作者讨论了结果的社会意义。
