Wang X, Erf G F
Department of Poultry Science, University of Arkansas, 1260 Maple Street, Fayetteville, AR 72701, USA.
J Autoimmun. 2003 Sep;21(2):149-60. doi: 10.1016/s0896-8411(03)00087-8.
Smyth line chickens (SL) are an animal model to study human autoimmune vitiligo. Vitiligo in SL chickens is characterized by a post-hatch loss of feather melanocytes (MC) resulting in feather depigmentation. The etiopathology of this disease remains unclear, however, a hypothesis that cell-mediated immunity (CMI) plays an important role in the destruction of melanocytes has been proposed based on previous studies. To support this hypothesis, the delayed wattle response (DWR) to MC lysates was examined in SL chickens and normally pigmented, MHC-matched controls (Brown line, BL; Light Brown Leghorn, LBL) to determine whether vitiliginous SL chickens have MC-specific CMI. Chickens were challenged in one wattle with a lysate of either embryo- or feather-derived cultured MC. Lysates of chick-embryo-fibroblasts (CEF) associated turkey herpesvirus (HVT) vaccine and syngeneic CEF were used as positive and negative control, respectively. Vitiliginous SL chickens exhibited a significantly greater DWR to feather-MC but not to embryo-MC and CEF than nonvitiliginous SL chickens and normally pigmented controls. The DWR to feather-MC peaked at 3 to 5 days post feather-MC lysate injection. Immunohistochemical staining of DWR-positive wattle tissue revealed extensive lymphocyte infiltration at the site of feather-MC injection consisting primarily of T cells (TCR2+, CD4+ or CD8+ T cells). These observations support the presence of MC-specific CMI in SL chickens with vitiligo. The anti-MC CMI activity appears to be specific to MC derived from feathers. SDS-PAGE analysis of different sources of MC lysates revealed a 43 kDa missing band in the lysate of feather-MC established from SL chickens. No other obvious protein pattern differences that could account for the feather MC-specific CMI response in vitiliginous SL chickens were observed among the MC lysates.
斯迈思品系鸡（SL）是一种用于研究人类自身免疫性白癜风的动物模型。SL鸡的白癜风特征是出壳后羽毛黑素细胞（MC）丧失，导致羽毛色素脱失。然而，这种疾病的病因病理仍不清楚，不过，基于先前的研究提出了一种假说，即细胞介导的免疫（CMI）在黑素细胞的破坏中起重要作用。为支持这一假说，在SL鸡以及毛色正常、MHC匹配的对照鸡（褐品系，BL；浅褐来航鸡，LBL）中检测了对MC裂解物的肉垂迟发型反应（DWR），以确定患白癜风的SL鸡是否具有MC特异性CMI。用胚胎或羽毛来源的培养MC裂解物对鸡的一侧肉垂进行攻击。鸡胚成纤维细胞（CEF）相关的火鸡疱疹病毒（HVT）疫苗裂解物和同基因CEF分别用作阳性和阴性对照。与非患白癜风的SL鸡和毛色正常的对照鸡相比，患白癜风的SL鸡对羽毛MC的DWR显著更强，但对胚胎MC和CEF的DWR则不然。对羽毛MC的DWR在注射羽毛MC裂解物后3至5天达到峰值。对DWR阳性的肉垂组织进行免疫组织化学染色显示，在羽毛MC注射部位有广泛的淋巴细胞浸润，主要由T细胞（TCR2 +、CD4 +或CD8 + T细胞）组成。这些观察结果支持患白癜风的SL鸡中存在MC特异性CMI。抗MC CMI活性似乎对羽毛来源的MC具有特异性。对不同来源的MC裂解物进行SDS-PAGE分析发现，从SL鸡建立的羽毛MC裂解物中有一条43 kDa的缺失带。在MC裂解物中未观察到其他明显的蛋白质模式差异，这些差异可以解释患白癜风的SL鸡中羽毛MC特异性CMI反应。
