Hawn Kristen L, Visser Mary Frances, Sexton Patrick J
University of Pittsburgh Sports Medicine Center, Pittsburgh, PA.
J Athl Train. 2002 Jun;37(2):204-208.
To determine enforcement patterns and athlete compliance with the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) rule requiring the wearing of mouthguards in men's collegiate ice hockey games during a single competitive season. DESIGN AND SETTING: We developed a questionnaire and sent it to certified athletic trainers (ATCs) directly responsible for men's varsity collegiate ice hockey at 127 NCAA-affiliated institutions. Then chi(2) analyses were conducted to determine whether significant differences existed in the pattern of responses by division of play (Division I, II, or III or independent). SUBJECTS: A total of 104 ATCs responded. We obtained data from 94 questionnaires with complete answers to primary questions addressing program enforcement of the rule and mouthguard use. MEASUREMENTS: Our questionnaire asked about types of mouthguards used, attitudes of the sports medicine and coaching staffs regarding the role of mouthguards in prevention of injury, enforcement of mouthguard use, and actual numbers of athletes wearing mouthguards in competition. Respondents also provided an estimate of the number of penalties assessed against their team for mouthguard violations during the previous season. RESULTS: Most ATCs (93%) reported that they believed mouthguards play a role in injury prevention. Respondents indicated someone on the coaching or sports medicine staff enforced the rule at 74% of the institutions, with a trend toward greater enforcement at the Division II and III levels. Overall, ATCs reported 63% of athletes consistently wore mouthguards in competition, with significantly higher compliance at the Division II and III levels. A total of 19 penalties were reportedly assessed for violation of the mouthguard rule the previous season. CONCLUSIONS: Our data suggest that the use of mouthguards in competition is not consistently enforced by ATCs, coaches, or game officials and that mouthguards are not routinely worn by athletes. These results raise legitimate concerns for all physicians, athletic trainers, coaches, and governing bodies involved with men's collegiate ice hockey.
确定在一个竞技赛季中，男子大学冰球比赛执行美国国家大学生体育协会（NCAA）要求佩戴护齿器规则的模式以及运动员的遵守情况。
我们设计了一份问卷，并将其发送给127所NCAA附属机构中直接负责男子大学冰球校队的认证运动训练师（ATC）。然后进行卡方分析，以确定按比赛级别（一级、二级或三级或独立院校）划分的回答模式是否存在显著差异。
共有104名ATC回复。我们从94份问卷中获取了数据，这些问卷对涉及该规则执行情况和护齿器使用情况的主要问题给出了完整答案。
我们的问卷询问了所使用护齿器的类型、运动医学和教练团队对护齿器在预防损伤中作用的态度、护齿器使用的执行情况以及比赛中实际佩戴护齿器的运动员人数。受访者还估计了上一赛季因违反护齿器规则而对其团队判罚的次数。
大多数ATC（93%）报告称，他们认为护齿器在预防损伤中发挥作用。受访者表示，在74%的机构中，教练或运动医学团队中的某人执行了该规则，在二级和三级水平上有更强执行的趋势。总体而言，ATC报告称63%的运动员在比赛中始终佩戴护齿器，在二级和三级水平上的遵守情况显著更高。据报道，上一赛季因违反护齿器规则共判罚了19次。
我们的数据表明，ATC、教练或比赛官员在比赛中对护齿器使用的执行并不一致，运动员也没有常规佩戴护齿器。这些结果引起了所有参与男子大学冰球运动的医生、运动训练师、教练和管理机构的合理关注。
