Puchta Holger
Institut für Pflanzengenetik und Kulturpflanzenforschung (IPK), Corrensstrasse 3, D-06466 Gatersleben, Germany.
J Plant Physiol. 2003 Jul;160(7):743-54. doi: 10.1078/0176-1617-01027.
A mayor aim of biotechnology is the establishment of techniques for the precise manipulation of plant genomes. Two major efforts have been undertaken over the last dozen years, one to set up techniques for site-specific alteration of the plant genome via homologous recombination ("gene targeting") and the other for the removal of selectable marker genes from transgenic plants. Unfortunately, despite multiple promising approaches that will be shortly described in this review no feasible gene targeting technique has been developed till now for crop plants. In contrast, several alternative procedures have been established successfully to remove selectable markers from plant genomes. Intriguingly besides techniques relying on transposons and site-specific recombinases, recent results indicate that homologous recombination might be a valuable alternative for the excision of marker genes.
生物技术的一个主要目标是建立精确操纵植物基因组的技术。在过去的十几年里，人们进行了两项主要工作，一是建立通过同源重组对植物基因组进行位点特异性改变的技术（“基因靶向”），另一项是从转基因植物中去除选择标记基因。不幸的是，尽管本综述将很快描述多种有前景的方法，但迄今为止尚未开发出适用于作物植物的可行基因靶向技术。相比之下，已经成功建立了几种替代方法来从植物基因组中去除选择标记。有趣的是，除了依赖转座子和位点特异性重组酶的技术外，最近的结果表明同源重组可能是去除标记基因的一种有价值的替代方法。
