Clark J D, Mossey P A, Sharp L, Little J
Unit of Dental and Oral Health, Dental School, University of Dundee, Scotland.
Cleft Palate Craniofac J. 2003 Sep;40(5):481-5. doi: 10.1597/1545-1569_2003_040_0481_ssaoci_2.0.co_2.
The purpose of this study was to investigate the association between socioeconomic status and orofacial clefts (OFC) in Scotland.
Study of prevalence at birth over a 10-year period using an area-based measure of material deprivation.
Population-based study throughout Scotland.
Eight hundred thirty-four live births with OFC born between January 1, 1989, and December 31, 1998, ascertained from the nationwide register of the Cleft Service in Scotland, compared with the total 603,825 live births in Scotland in this period.
There was a strong positive relationship whereby the prevalence of OFC at birth increased with increasing deprivation. This trend was statistically significant for cleft lip and/or palate (CL[P]: p =.016) but not for cleft palate (CP; p =.078). For each type of cleft, the relative risk among those resident in the most deprived areas, compared with those resident in the least deprived areas, was 2.33.
The association between OFC and socioeconomic status is consistent with a report for an earlier period in a smaller part of Scotland. Unlike the earlier study, this pattern appears to be stronger for CL(P) than for CP. These observations do not appear to be an artifact of recording. It is possible that they reflect the association between deprivation and risk factors for OFC, most likely tobacco smoking during pregnancy. Because the relationship between OFC and socioeconomic status appears to have been virtually unstudied in other populations, it would be valuable to investigate this relationship elsewhere and determine whether known risk factors account for the relationship.
本研究旨在调查苏格兰社会经济地位与口面部裂隙（OFC）之间的关联。
采用基于地区的物质匮乏衡量指标，对10年期间的出生患病率进行研究。
苏格兰全境的基于人群的研究。
1989年1月1日至1998年12月31日期间出生的834例患有OFC的活产婴儿，这些婴儿通过苏格兰腭裂服务全国登记册确定，与该时期苏格兰603,825例活产婴儿总数进行比较。
存在强烈的正相关关系，即出生时OFC的患病率随匮乏程度的增加而增加。这种趋势在唇裂和/或腭裂（CL[P]：p = 0.016）中具有统计学意义，但在腭裂（CP；p = 0.078）中则不然。对于每种腭裂类型，与最不贫困地区的居民相比，最贫困地区居民的相对风险为2.33。
OFC与社会经济地位之间的关联与苏格兰较小地区早期的一份报告一致。与早期研究不同，这种模式在CL(P)中似乎比在CP中更强。这些观察结果似乎不是记录的人为因素。它们可能反映了匮乏与OFC风险因素之间的关联，最有可能是孕期吸烟。由于OFC与社会经济地位之间的关系在其他人群中似乎几乎未被研究，因此在其他地方调查这种关系并确定已知风险因素是否解释了这种关系将是有价值的。
