Devivanayagam N, Nedunchelian K, Ashok T P, Mala N
Advanced Center for Clinical Epidemiological Research and Training (ACCERT), Madras Medical College.
Indian Pediatr. 1992 Nov;29(11):1347-51.
To identify the reasons for non-immunization/postponing immunization, parents of 615 poliomyelitis (APM) children and 908 children attending the Outpatient Department (OPD) for other ailments were interviewed. A total of 165 (26.9%), 185 (30.1%) and 264 (43%) among APM and 645 (71%), 183 (20.2%) and 80 (8.8%) among OPD children were immunized, partially immunized and unimmunized, respectively. Forty two per cent and 21% among parents of APM and OPD children, respectively in the unimmunized group were unaware of the need for immunization. The other reasons are minor illnesses, lack of interest, fear of side reaction, non-availability of vaccine or vaccinator. The decision to withhold immunization was mostly by parents when the child had some minor illnesses, mostly respiratory infections. It is recommended to educate the health personnel-clinicians and para-clinical workers by seminar and training and the public through mass media and group contact on the need for and completion of the immunizations.
为了确定未接种疫苗/推迟接种疫苗的原因,我们对615名脊髓灰质炎(APM)患儿的家长以及908名因其他疾病前往门诊部(OPD)就诊的患儿家长进行了访谈。在APM患儿中,分别有165名(26.9%)、185名(30.1%)和264名(43%)已接种疫苗、部分接种疫苗和未接种疫苗;在OPD患儿中,相应的比例分别为645名(71%)、183名(20.2%)和80名(8.8%)。在未接种疫苗的APM患儿家长和OPD患儿家长中,分别有42%和21%不知道需要接种疫苗。其他原因包括小病、缺乏兴趣、害怕副作用、没有疫苗或接种人员。当孩子患有一些小病,主要是呼吸道感染时,家长大多会决定不给孩子接种疫苗。建议通过研讨会和培训对卫生人员——临床医生和辅助临床工作人员进行教育,并通过大众媒体和群体接触对公众进行教育,让他们了解接种疫苗的必要性和完成接种情况。