Otago L, Brown L
School of Human Movement and Sport Sciences, University of Ballarat, Victoria, Australia.
J Sci Med Sport. 2003 Jun;6(2):216-25. doi: 10.1016/s1440-2440(03)80257-8.
Risk management strategies have been used in a wide range of sports. Many issues involved in the implementation of risk management models in sport have not been investigated especially the sport specific and location specific nature of such models. The aim of this study was to ascertain the usefulness of Occupational Health & Safety risk management (RM) models in a mainly voluntary sporting organisation and to investigate the requirements of a netball population in developing "user friendly" risk management plans. The industry RM plans were trialled in a rural setting at various netball associations over a six week period. After these trials focus groups and interviews were conducted and the trials evaluated. The requirements of the netball population for a RM plan were investigated using focus groups from regional and rural areas. The industry RM models presented were not generally accepted by the trial participants. They found that the level of expertise required did not exist in netball at the club/team level. The focus groups on the needs of netball for a user friendly model brought out a number of issues including the specific needs of rural football/netball leagues, the need to develop strategies for all levels of netball (coach, player, umpire, administrator). Barriers to the uptake of risk management models were discussed. An effective RM plan can be developed for voluntary sports associations but they must be specific to the sport and flexible. The RM plan must also take into account the barriers to implementation for each sporting culture.
风险管理策略已在广泛的体育运动中得到应用。体育领域实施风险管理模型所涉及的许多问题尚未得到研究，尤其是此类模型的运动项目特定性和地点特定性。本研究的目的是确定职业健康与安全风险管理（RM）模型在一个主要由志愿者组成的体育组织中的实用性，并调查无挡板篮球人群在制定“用户友好型”风险管理计划方面的需求。行业RM计划在六周时间内于农村地区的各个无挡板篮球协会进行了试验。在这些试验之后，开展了焦点小组讨论和访谈，并对试验进行了评估。通过来自地区和农村地区的焦点小组，调查了无挡板篮球人群对RM计划的需求。试验参与者普遍不接受所呈现的行业RM模型。他们发现，俱乐部/团队层面的无挡板篮球运动缺乏所需的专业知识水平。关于无挡板篮球对用户友好型模型需求的焦点小组讨论提出了一些问题，包括农村足球/无挡板篮球联赛的特定需求，为无挡板篮球各级人员（教练、球员、裁判员、管理人员）制定策略的必要性。讨论了采用风险管理模型的障碍。可以为志愿者体育协会制定有效的RM计划，但这些计划必须针对特定运动项目且具有灵活性。RM计划还必须考虑到每种体育文化在实施方面的障碍。
