Pérez-Rodrigo C, Ribas L, Serra-Majem Ll, Aranceta J
Community Nutrition Unit, Bilbao Department of Public Health, Bilbao, Spain.
Eur J Clin Nutr. 2003 Sep;57 Suppl 1:S45-8. doi: 10.1038/sj.ejcn.1601814.
To describe the profile of food preferences, likes and dislikes of Spanish children and young people and analyse its connection with prevailing food patterns.
Cross-sectional population survey.
Population study. Data were collected at participants' home address.
Random sample of the Spanish population aged 2-24 y (n=3534; 1629 boys and 1905 girls).
Food preferences, food consumption and practices as well as nutrition-related information were assessed by means of a multiple choice questionnaire. A food preference score was computed considering food items ranked as first, second or third choice within each food group. Data collection was carried out during May 1998-April 2000.
Bananas and apples were the fruit items preferred by Spanish children and young people across all age and gender groups. Within the vegetable group tomato sauce and salads, particularly lettuce and tomato salad scored highest, followed by carrots in all age and gender groups. However, 47% (95% confidence interval 46-48%) of the sample reported dislike for vegetables and an additional 5.7% (95% confidence interval 4.9-6.5%) a dislike for fruit. The proportion of individuals with low consumption of vegetables or fruit was significantly higher among those reporting a dislike either for vegetables (chi(2)=127.69; P<0.001); fruit (chi(2)=24.62; P<0.001) or for both groups (chi(2)=81.53; P<0.001).
There is a significant relationship between the likes/dislikes for fruits and vegetables and usual consumption of this food group among children and young people. Strategies addressed to improve acceptance for this food group should be considered when designing interventions aimed at promoting adequate consumption of fruits and vegetables among children and young people.
描述西班牙儿童和青少年的食物偏好、喜好和厌恶情况，并分析其与流行饮食模式的联系。
横断面人群调查。
人群研究。在参与者的家庭住址收集数据。
西班牙2至24岁人群的随机样本（n = 3534；1629名男孩和1905名女孩）。
通过多项选择题问卷评估食物偏好、食物消费和习惯以及营养相关信息。计算食物偏好分数时考虑每个食物组中被列为第一、第二或第三选择的食物项目。数据收集于1998年5月至2000年4月期间进行。
香蕉和苹果是所有年龄和性别组的西班牙儿童和青少年最喜欢的水果。在蔬菜组中，番茄酱和沙拉，特别是生菜和番茄沙拉得分最高，其次是胡萝卜，所有年龄和性别组均如此。然而，47%（95%置信区间46 - 48%）的样本表示不喜欢蔬菜，另有5.7%（95%置信区间4.9 - 6.5%）不喜欢水果。在那些表示不喜欢蔬菜（χ² = 127.69；P < 0.001）、水果（χ² = 24.62；P < 0.001）或两者（χ² = 81.53；P < 0.001）的人群中，蔬菜或水果消费量低的个体比例显著更高。
儿童和青少年对水果和蔬菜的喜好/厌恶与该食物组的日常消费之间存在显著关系。在设计旨在促进儿童和青少年充分摄入水果和蔬菜的干预措施时，应考虑采取提高对该食物组接受度的策略。
