Ho Sai Yin, Lam Tai Hing, Fielding Richard, Janus Edward Denis
Department of Community Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, 21 Sassoon Road, Pokfulam, Hong Kong, China.
Soc Sci Med. 2003 Nov;57(9):1761-70. doi: 10.1016/s0277-9536(03)00021-2.
This population-based cross-sectional study examined the associations between smoking and perceived health in Hong Kong. 6117 healthy Chinese (3053 men, 3064 women), aged 25-74 years, were randomly selected for telephone interviews in Hong Kong in 1994-96. Adjusted odds ratios (ORs) of having poor or very poor perceived health (against good or very good) were calculated. In men, the ORs (and 95 percent confidence intervals) for current smokers in young (25-39) and middle age (40-59) were close to unity, but that of 1.97 (1.01, 3.85) in old age (60-74) was significantly raised. The adjusted ORs for male quitters were 1.98 (0.43, 9.14), 1.70 (0.75, 3.81) and 2.59 (1.23, 3.33) for young, middle and old age, respectively. Compared with current smokers, the adjusted ORs for quitters was 2.30 (1.07, 4.92) for those who had quit for less than 5 years, 2.02 (0.80, 5.11) for 5-9 years and 1.14 (0.47, 2.75) for 10 years or more. Among former smokers, each year of quitting was associated with 7 percent reduction in reporting poor or very poor perceived health with OR of 0.93 (0.85, 1.01). In women, the ORs were 1.95 (1.15, 3.28) for current and 1.54 (0.60, 3.94) for former smokers. In both genders combined, the overall ORs were 1.41 (1.04, 1.92) for current and 1.94 (1.27, 2.97) for former smokers. In conclusion, former smokers apparently had the worst perceived health but long-term quitting was beneficial. Overall, current smokers had worse perceived health than never smokers, but in men the excess risk was mainly observed in old age. The perceived health of smokers may have implications for the approaches used in smoking cessation.
这项基于人群的横断面研究调查了香港吸烟与自我感知健康之间的关联。1994年至1996年期间，在香港随机选取了6117名年龄在25至74岁之间的健康中国人（3053名男性，3064名女性）进行电话访谈。计算了自我感知健康状况为差或非常差（与好或非常好相比）的调整后比值比（OR）。在男性中，年轻（25至39岁）和中年（40至59岁）的当前吸烟者的OR（及95%置信区间）接近1，但老年（60至74岁）的OR为1.97（1.01，3.85），显著升高。男性戒烟者在年轻、中年和老年的调整后OR分别为1.98（0.43，9.14）、1.70（0.75，3.81）和2.59（1.23，3.33）。与当前吸烟者相比，戒烟不到5年的戒烟者调整后OR为2.30（1.07，4.92），5至9年的为2.02（0.80，5.11），10年及以上的为1.14（0.47，2.75）。在曾经吸烟者中，每戒烟一年，报告自我感知健康状况为差或非常差的几率降低7%，OR为0.93（0.85，1.01）。在女性中，当前吸烟者的OR为1.95（1.15，3.28），曾经吸烟者的为1.54（0.60，3.94）。在男女合并的情况下，当前吸烟者的总体OR为1.41（1.04，1.92），曾经吸烟者的为1.94（1.27，2.97）。总之，曾经吸烟者显然自我感知健康状况最差，但长期戒烟是有益的。总体而言，当前吸烟者的自我感知健康状况比从不吸烟者差，但在男性中，额外风险主要在老年期观察到。吸烟者的自我感知健康状况可能对戒烟方法有影响。
