Paulus Martin P, Rogalsky Corianne, Simmons Alan, Feinstein Justin S, Stein Murray B
Laboratory of Biological Dynamics and Theoretical Medicine, Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093-0603, USA.
Neuroimage. 2003 Aug;19(4):1439-48. doi: 10.1016/s1053-8119(03)00251-9.
Decision making and risk taking are interrelated processes that are important for daily functioning. The somatic marker hypothesis has provided a conceptual basis for processes involved in risk-taking decision making and has been used to link discrete neural substrates to risk-related behaviors. This investigation examined the hypothesis that the degree of risk-taking is related to the degree of activation in the insular cortex. Seventeen healthy, right-handed subjects performed a risk-taking decision-making task during functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) using a fast event-related design. This investigation yielded three main findings. First, right insula (BA 13) activation was significantly stronger when subjects selected a "risky" response versus selecting a "safe" response. Second, the degree of insula activation was related to the probability of selecting a "safe" response following a punished response. Third, the degree of insula activation was related to the subjects' degree of harm avoidance and neuroticism as measured by the TCI and NEO personality questionnaires, respectively. These results are consistent with the hypothesis that insula activation serves as a critical neural substrate to instantiate aversive somatic markers that guide risk-taking decision-making behavior.
决策和冒险是相互关联的过程，对日常功能至关重要。躯体标记假说为冒险决策过程提供了概念基础，并已被用于将离散的神经基质与风险相关行为联系起来。本研究检验了冒险程度与脑岛皮质激活程度相关的假说。17名健康的右利手受试者在功能磁共振成像（fMRI）期间使用快速事件相关设计执行了一项冒险决策任务。本研究产生了三个主要发现。首先，当受试者选择“冒险”反应而非“安全”反应时，右侧脑岛（BA 13）的激活明显更强。其次，脑岛激活程度与在惩罚性反应后选择“安全”反应的概率相关。第三，脑岛激活程度分别与通过TCI和NEO人格问卷测量的受试者的伤害回避程度和神经质程度相关。这些结果与脑岛激活作为关键神经基质以实例化指导冒险决策行为的厌恶躯体标记的假说一致。
